South East Asia Minister of Education Organization Tropical Medicine, Regional Center for Community Nutrition, University of Indonesia, Jl, Salemba Raya no 6, Jakarta Pusat 10420, Indonesia.
Nutr J. 2010 Sep 28;9:41. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-41.
A previous study showed that combination of zinc and vitamin A reduced sputum conversion time in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients.
We studied the efficacy of which single micronutrient contributed more to the sputum conversion time.
In a double-blind randomized community trial, newly sputum smear positive pulmonary TB patients were assigned randomly to receive zinc, vitamin A, zinc + vitamin A or placebo on top of TB treatment. Patients were asked to deliver their sputum on weekly basis to measure positivity of the bacteria. Nutritional status, chest x-ray, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), retinol and zinc level were examined prior to, after 2 and 6 months of treatment.
Initially, 300 patients were enrolled, and 255 finished the treatment. Most patients were severely malnourished (mean BMI 16.5 ± 2.2 Kg/m2). Patients in the zinc + vitamin A group showed earlier sputum conversion time (mean 1.9 weeks) compared with that in the other groups; however the difference was not significant. Also, no benefit could be demonstrated of any of the used supplementations on clinical, nutritional, chest x-ray, or laboratory findings.
This study among severely malnourished TB patients, did not confirm that single or combined supplementation of zinc and vitamin A significantly reduced sputum conversion time or had other significant benefit.
先前的一项研究表明，锌和维生素 A 的联合使用可以缩短肺结核（TB）患者的痰菌阴转时间。
我们研究了单一微量营养素对痰菌阴转时间的影响。
在一项双盲随机社区试验中，新诊断为痰涂片阳性的肺结核患者被随机分为锌组、维生素 A 组、锌+维生素 A 组或安慰剂组，在结核病治疗的基础上接受补充治疗。要求患者每周送检痰标本，以检测细菌的阳性率。在治疗前、治疗后 2 个月和 6 个月时，检测营养状况、胸部 X 线、血红蛋白、C 反应蛋白（CRP）、视黄醇和锌水平。
最初纳入了 300 名患者，有 255 名患者完成了治疗。大多数患者存在严重营养不良（平均 BMI 为 16.5 ± 2.2 Kg/m2）。与其他组相比，锌+维生素 A 组的患者痰菌阴转时间更早（平均 1.9 周），但差异无统计学意义。此外，任何一种补充剂的使用均未显示出在临床、营养、胸部 X 线或实验室检查方面的获益。
在严重营养不良的肺结核患者中，本研究并未证实单一或联合补充锌和维生素 A 能显著缩短痰菌阴转时间或有其他显著获益。
