Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Tuberculosis Center Beatrixoord, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands.
BMJ Open. 2021 Dec 30;11(12):e049777. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049777.
Malnutrition is associated with a twofold higher risk of dying in patients with tuberculosis (TB) and considered an important potentially reversible risk factor for failure of TB treatment. The construct of malnutrition has three domains: intake or uptake of nutrition; body composition and physical and cognitive function. The objectives of this systematic review are to identify malnutrition assessment methods, and to quantify how malnutrition assessment methods capture the international consensus definition for malnutrition, in patients with TB.
Different assessment methods were identified. We determined the extent of capturing of the three domains of malnutrition, that is, intake or uptake of nutrition, body composition and physical and cognitive function.
Seventeen malnutrition assessment methods were identified in 69 included studies. In 53/69 (77%) of studies, body mass index was used as the only malnutrition assessment method. Three out of 69 studies (4%) used a method that captured all three domains of malnutrition.
Our study focused on published articles. Implementation of new criteria takes time, which may take longer than the period covered by this review. Most patients with TB are assessed for only one aspect of the conceptual definition of malnutrition. The use of international consensus criteria is recommended to establish uniform diagnostics and treatment of malnutrition.
CRD42019122832.
营养不良与结核病（TB）患者死亡风险增加两倍相关，被认为是导致 TB 治疗失败的一个重要潜在可逆转风险因素。营养不良的概念有三个领域：营养摄入或吸收；身体成分以及身体和认知功能。本系统评价的目的是确定营养不良评估方法，并定量评估这些方法在多大程度上符合国际公认的营养不良定义，适用于 TB 患者。
确定了不同的评估方法。我们确定了这些方法在多大程度上能够捕捉到营养不良的三个领域，即营养摄入或吸收、身体成分以及身体和认知功能。
在纳入的 69 项研究中，共确定了 17 种营养不良评估方法。在 69 项研究中的 53/69（77%）项研究中，体重指数被用作唯一的营养不良评估方法。在 69 项研究中的 3/69（4%）项研究中，使用了一种能够捕捉到营养不良三个领域的方法。
我们的研究重点是已发表的文章。实施新标准需要时间，可能需要超过本综述涵盖的时间。大多数 TB 患者仅接受了营养不良概念定义的一个方面的评估。建议使用国际共识标准来建立统一的营养不良诊断和治疗方法。
PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42019122832。
