Becher Anne M, Pfister Kurt
Equine Practice Dr. Müller, Freilassing, Germany.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2010 Oct;122 Suppl 3:71-5. doi: 10.1007/s00508-010-1441-y.
In recent years more and more cases of anthelmintic resistant equine strongyles were reported. The latest developments are cases of resistance against macrocyclic lactones. In order to delay this process less anthelmintics and only those which have been previously tested for their efficacy on each individual farm should be used. During the grazing season 2008 faecal samples of 281 horses and 5 donkeys from 26 farms were analysed in the area of Salzburg. To 164 of these horses selective anthelmintic treatment was implemented. Every four weeks faecal samples from the 164 horses were quantitatively analysed for strongyle eggs using a modified McMaster technique. When more than 250 eggs per gram (EpG) of faeces were detected in a sample the horse was treated with an oral pyrantel product. In case of a subsequent faecal sample of the same horse with EpG > 250, Ivermectin, and after the third sample with EpG > 250, Moxidectin was administered. In the fall 2008, all 164 horses together with 117 additional horses and 5 donkeys were treated with Moxidectin plus Praziquantel independent of the faecal egg count. After each anthelmintic treatment a faecal egg count reduction test was performed. In total 1521 faecal samples were analysed. In 1065 samples (70%) no strongyle eggs were detected at all and only 109 samples (7%) had EpG > 250 values. After the treatment with Pyrantel a total of 49 faecal egg count reduction tests, after the treatment with Ivermectin 28 and after the administration of Moxidectin totally 109 faecal egg count reduction tests were performed. After the treatment with either Ivermectin or Moxidectin, all faecal egg count reductions were 100%. On one farm however, the mean reduction of strongyle eggs after the administration of pyrantel was 85.4% on day 14 and 74.9% on day 21. Therefore, faecal egg count reduction tests are strongly recommended whenever horses are treated with Pyrantel.
近年来，越来越多关于抗驱虫药马圆线虫病的病例被报道。最新进展是出现了对大环内酯类药物耐药的病例。为了延缓这一进程，应减少驱虫药的使用，并且只使用那些先前已在各个农场进行过疗效测试的药物。在2008年放牧季节，对萨尔茨堡地区26个农场的281匹马和5头驴的粪便样本进行了分析。其中164匹马接受了选择性驱虫治疗。每四周对这164匹马的粪便样本采用改良麦克马斯特技术对圆线虫卵进行定量分析。当在一份样本中检测到每克粪便中圆线虫卵超过250个（EPG）时，该匹马用口服噻嘧啶产品进行治疗。如果同一匹马随后的粪便样本EPG>250，则使用伊维菌素，在第三个样本EPG>250后，使用莫西菌素。在2008年秋季，所有164匹马以及另外117匹马和5头驴，无论粪便虫卵计数如何，均用莫西菌素加吡喹酮进行治疗。每次驱虫治疗后都进行粪便虫卵计数减少试验。总共分析了1521份粪便样本。在1065份样本（70%）中根本未检测到圆线虫卵，只有109份样本（7%）的EPG>250。用噻嘧啶治疗后共进行了49次粪便虫卵计数减少试验，用伊维菌素治疗后进行了28次，使用莫西菌素后共进行了109次粪便虫卵计数减少试验。在用伊维菌素或莫西菌素治疗后，所有粪便虫卵计数减少率均为100%。然而，在一个农场，使用噻嘧啶后第14天圆线虫卵的平均减少率为85.4%，第21天为74.9%。因此，强烈建议每当用噻嘧啶治疗马匹时都要进行粪便虫卵计数减少试验。
