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通过 Pd 介导的 C-H 键活化实现亚膦酰胺的区域选择性官能化:C-C 和 C-X 键的形成。

Regioselective functionalization of iminophosphoranes through Pd-mediated C-H bond activation: C-C and C-X bond formation.

机构信息

Departamento de Compuestos Organometálicos, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.

出版信息

Dalton Trans. 2010 Nov 21;39(43):10422-31. doi: 10.1039/c003241g. Epub 2010 Oct 6.

DOI:10.1039/c003241g
PMID:20927428
Abstract

The orthopalladation of iminophosphoranes [R(3)P=N-C(10)H(7)-1] (R(3) = Ph(3) 1, p-Tol(3) 2, PhMe(2) 3, Ph(2)Me 4, N-C(10)H(7)-1 = 1-naphthyl) has been studied. It occurs regioselectively at the aryl ring bonded to the P atom in 1 and 2, giving endo-Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(4)-(PPh(2=N-1-C(10)H(7))-2)-κ-C,N (5) or endo-Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(3)-(P(p-Tol)(2)=N-C(10)H(7)-1)-2-Me-5)-κ-C,N (6), while in 3 the 1-naphthyl group is metallated instead, giving exo-Pd(μ-Cl)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPhMe(2))-8)-κ-C,N (7). In the case of 4, orthopalladation at room temperature affords the kinetic exo isomer Pd(μ-Cl)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPh(2)Me)-8)-κ-C,N (11exo), while a mixture of 11exo and the thermodynamic endo isomer Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(4)-(PPhMe=N-C(10)H(7)-1)-2)-κ-C,N (11endo) is obtained in refluxing toluene. The heating in toluene of the acetate bridge dimer Pd(μ-OAc)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPh(2)Me)-8)-κ-C,N (13exo) promotes the facile transformation of the exo isomer into the endo isomer Pd(μ-OAc)(C(6)H(4)-(PPhMe=N-C(10)H(7)-1)-2)-κ-C,N (13endo), confirming that the exo isomers are formed under kinetic control. Reactions of the orthometallated complexes have led to functionalized molecules. The stoichiometric reactions of the orthometallated complexes Pd(μ-Cl)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPhMe(2))-8)-κ-C,N (7), [Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(4)-(PPh(2)=NPh)-2) (17) and Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(3)-(C(O)N=PPh(3))-2-OMe-4) (18) with I(2) or with CO results in the synthesis of the ortho-halogenated compounds [PhMe(2)P=N-C(10)H(6)-I-8] (19), [I-C(6)H(4)-(PPh(2)=NPh)-2] (21) and [Ph(3)P=NC(O)C(6)H(3)-I-2-OMe-5] (23) or the heterocycles [C(10)H(6)-(N=PPhMe(2))-1-(C(O))-8]Cl (20), [C(6)H(5)-(N=PPh(2)-C(6)H(4)-C(O)-2]ClO(4) (22) and [C(6)H(3)-(C(O)-1,2-N-PPh(3))-OMe-4]Cl (24).

摘要

已研究了亚膦酰胺[R(3)P=N-C(10)H(7)-1](R(3)=Ph(3) 1,p-Tol(3) 2,PhMe(2) 3,Ph(2)Me 4,N-C(10)H(7)-1=1-萘基)的邻位钯化。它在与磷原子键合的芳环上以区域选择性方式发生,在 1 和 2 中得到内-Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(4)-(PPh(2=N-1-C(10)H(7))-2)-κ-C,N(5)或内-Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(3)-(P(p-Tol)(2)=N-C(10)H(7)-1)-2-Me-5)-κ-C,N(6),而在 3 中,1-萘基取代了金属化,得到外-Pd(μ-Cl)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPhMe(2))-8)-κ-C,N(7)。在 4 的情况下,在室温下进行邻位钯化得到动力学外消旋体Pd(μ-Cl)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPh(2)Me)-8)-κ-C,N(11exo),而在回流甲苯中得到 11exo 和热力学内消旋体Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(4)-(PPhMe=N-C(10)H(7)-1)-2)-κ-C,N(11endo)的混合物。在甲苯中加热醋酸桥联二聚体Pd(μ-OAc)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPh(2)Me)-8)-κ-C,N(13exo)促进了外消旋体向内消旋体Pd(μ-OAc)(C(6)H(4)-(PPhMe=N-C(10)H(7)-1)-2)-κ-C,N(13endo)的快速转化,证实了外消旋体是在动力学控制下形成的。邻位金属化配合物的反应导致了功能化分子的形成。邻位金属化配合物Pd(μ-Cl)(C(10)H(6)-(N=PPhMe(2))-8)-κ-C,N(7)、[Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(4)-(PPh(2)=NPh)-2)(17)和Pd(μ-Cl)(C(6)H(3)-(C(O)N=PPh(3))-2-OMe-4)(18)与 I(2)或 CO 的计量反应导致合成邻位卤化化合物[PhMe(2)P=N-C(10)H(6)-I-8](19)、[I-C(6)H(4)-(PPh(2)=NPh)-2](21)和[Ph(3)P=NC(O)C(6)H(3)-I-2-OMe-5](23)或杂环[C(10)H(6)-(N=PPhMe(2))-1-(C(O))-8]Cl(20)、[C(6)H(5)-(N=PPh(2)-C(6)H(4)-C(O)-2]ClO(4)(22)和[C(6)H(3)-(C(O)-1,2-N-PPh(3))-OMe-4]Cl(24)。

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