Akhtar Naeem, Alzahrani Alhusain, Obeid Obeid El-Treify, Dassal Dennis
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2009 Jul-Sep;21(3):54-6.
Over the last few decades the ever-increasing level of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials has been a cause of worldwide concern. Fluoroquinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin has been used indiscriminately for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infections. The increased use of ciprofloxacin has led to a progressive loss of bacterial susceptibility to this antibiotic. Therefore it is necessary to have update knowledge of resistance pattern of bacteria to this antibiotic so that alternate appropriate antibiotics can be used for ciprofloxacin-resistant bacterial infections.
To evaluate the trends of ciprofloxacin resistance pattern in commonly isolated gram-positive bacteria over time in a Saudi Arabian teaching hospital.
A retrospective analysis was carried out for ciprofloxacin susceptibility patterns of 5534 isolates of gram-positive bacteria isolated from clinical specimens submitted to microbiology laboratories at King Fahd Hospital of the University (KFHU), Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia during the period from January 2002 to August 2005.
Increase in ciprofloxacin resistance rates with some fluctuations, among these isolates, were observed. For Staphylococcus aureus, it varied from 4.62, 1.83, 7.01 and 3.98%, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 97.92, 97.75, 87.01 and 88.26%, Streptococcus pyogenes 5.35, 4.47, 14.44 and 3.53% during the years 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005 respectively. Cirprofloxacin resistance during the years 2002, 2004 and 2005 for other isolates was as follows: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 30.23, 23.02 and 26.47%; enterococcus group D, 43.05, 20.68 and 57.03% and non-enterococcus group D, 62.96, 76.92 and 87.50% respectively.
Ciprofloxacin resistance in gram-positive bacterial clinical isolates particularly Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) enterococcus group D, and non-enterococcus group D, has greatly increased and ciprofloxacin no more remains the drug of choice for these infections.
在过去几十年中，细菌对抗生素的耐药性不断增强，这已成为全球关注的问题。氟喹诺酮类药物，尤其是环丙沙星，已被不加区分地用于革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌感染。环丙沙星使用的增加导致细菌对这种抗生素的敏感性逐渐丧失。因此，有必要了解细菌对这种抗生素的耐药模式，以便为耐环丙沙星的细菌感染使用替代的合适抗生素。
评估沙特阿拉伯一家教学医院中常见分离出的革兰氏阳性菌对环丙沙星耐药模式随时间的变化趋势。
对2002年1月至2005年8月期间提交给沙特阿拉伯胡巴尔法赫德国王大学医院（KFHU）微生物实验室的临床标本中分离出的5534株革兰氏阳性菌的环丙沙星敏感性模式进行回顾性分析。
观察到这些分离株中环丙沙星耐药率有一些波动且呈上升趋势。对于金黄色葡萄球菌，2002年、2003年、2004年和2005年的耐药率分别为4.62%、1.83%、7.01%和3.98%，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分别为97.92%、97.75%、87.01%和88.26%，化脓性链球菌分别为5.35%、4.47%、14.44%和3.53%。2002年、2004年和2005年其他分离株的环丙沙星耐药情况如下：肺炎链球菌分别为30.23%、23.02%和26.47%；D群肠球菌分别为43.05%、20.68%和57.03%；非D群肠球菌分别为62.96%、76.92%和87.50%。
革兰氏阳性菌临床分离株，特别是金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、D群肠球菌和非D群肠球菌对环丙沙星的耐药性大幅增加，环丙沙星不再是这些感染的首选药物。
