Southwest Hospital, Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
Med Hypotheses. 2011 Feb;76(2):194-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.09.016. Epub 2010 Oct 8.
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder with selective and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. Studies on Parkinson's disease patients and dopamine-depleted animals indicate that dopaminergic neurons in the retina degenerate due to the genetic and environmental factors that cause dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra. Besides motor and non-motor symptoms, visual symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease patients, ranging from complaints of reading and driving difficulties, to complex visual hallucinations. The delicate network of various neurons in the retina ensures the accuracy of visual signal transmission, and dopamine is primarily a modulator in this complicated process. In retinitis pigmentosa, the gradual loss of photoreceptors causes gross remodeling of the neural retina and eventually loss of visual capacity. We hypothesize that the retina in Parkinson's disease patients undergoes comparatively minor degeneration due to progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, which are less in amount and auxiliary in function compared to photoreceptors, and thus lead to various visual dysfunctions.
帕金森病是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征是黑质中多巴胺能神经元进行性选择性丧失。对帕金森病患者和多巴胺耗竭动物的研究表明，视网膜中的多巴胺能神经元由于导致黑质中多巴胺能神经元丧失的遗传和环境因素而退化。除了运动和非运动症状外，视觉症状在帕金森病患者中很常见，从阅读和驾驶困难的抱怨到复杂的视觉幻觉不等。视网膜中各种神经元的精细网络确保了视觉信号传输的准确性，而多巴胺主要是这个复杂过程中的调节剂。在视网膜色素变性中，感光细胞的逐渐丧失导致神经视网膜的严重重塑，最终导致视力丧失。我们假设帕金森病患者的视网膜会经历相对较小的退化，因为多巴胺能神经元逐渐丧失，与感光细胞相比，多巴胺能神经元的数量较少，功能也较少，因此会导致各种视觉功能障碍。
