从黑素细胞到转移性恶性黑色素瘤。
From melanocyte to metastatic malignant melanoma.
作者信息
Bandarchi Bizhan, Ma Linglei, Navab Roya, Seth Arun, Rasty Golnar
机构信息
Department of Applied Molecular Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, 7 Yorkview Drive, Toronto, ON, Canada M2N 2R9.
出版信息
Dermatol Res Pract. 2010;2010. doi: 10.1155/2010/583748. Epub 2010 Aug 11.
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies in human and is responsible for almost 60% of lethal skin tumors. Its incidence has been increasing in white population in the past two decades. There is a complex interaction of environmental (exogenous) and endogenous, including genetic, risk factors in developing malignant melanoma. 8-12% of familial melanomas occur in a familial setting related to mutation of the CDKN2A gene that encodes p16. The aim of this is to briefly review the microanatomy and physiology of the melanocytes, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, historical classification and histopathology and, more in details, the most recent discoveries in biology and genetics of malignant melanoma. At the end, the final version of 2009 AJCC malignant melanoma staging and classification is presented.
摘要
恶性黑色素瘤是人类最具侵袭性的恶性肿瘤之一，几乎占致命性皮肤肿瘤的60%。在过去二十年中，其发病率在白人人群中呈上升趋势。恶性黑色素瘤的发生存在环境（外源性）和内源性风险因素的复杂相互作用，内源性风险因素包括遗传因素。8% - 12%的家族性黑色素瘤发生在与编码p16的CDKN2A基因突变相关的家族环境中。本文旨在简要回顾黑素细胞的显微解剖学和生理学、流行病学、风险因素、临床表现、历史分类和组织病理学，更详细地介绍恶性黑色素瘤生物学和遗传学的最新发现。最后，展示2009年美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）恶性黑色素瘤分期和分类的最终版本。
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