Thyen U
Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2010 Oct;53(10):992-1001. doi: 10.1007/s00103-010-1126-8.
Demands for prevention in the areas of child protection, child development and early education are increasingly being discussed in the health care system, social services and the educational and school system. Concepts in health care include health promotion, risk assessment and primary and secondary prevention. Child protection promotes strategies such as early social support services and at-risk screening and educational systems advocate early intervention and concepts to enhance child development. The complexity of children's developmental needs and their living environments require a comprehensive approach of all three systems and integration of services and interventions. Each child's needs must be individually analysed and services tailored appropriately. A case vignette demonstrates and analyses typical problems of interacting systems. A systemic view of systems of care allows planning of efficient and sustainable social and health care policies.
在医疗保健系统、社会服务以及教育和学校系统中,对儿童保护、儿童发展和早期教育领域预防措施的需求正得到越来越多的讨论。医疗保健领域的概念包括健康促进、风险评估以及一级和二级预防。儿童保护推动诸如早期社会支持服务和风险筛查等策略,而教育系统倡导早期干预以及促进儿童发展的理念。儿童发展需求及其生活环境的复杂性要求这三个系统采取综合方法,并整合服务与干预措施。必须对每个儿童的需求进行单独分析,并相应地调整服务。一个案例 vignette 展示并分析了相互作用系统的典型问题。对护理系统的系统观点有助于规划高效且可持续的社会和医疗保健政策。 (注:“vignette”这个词在医学语境中比较少见,这里直接保留英文未翻译,因为不太明确其确切所指含义,若有更准确的背景信息或许能更精准翻译。)