Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Dec 1;172(11):1268-79. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq293. Epub 2010 Oct 11.
The authors prospectively examined the relation of fruit and vegetable intake to breast cancer risk among 51,928 women aged 21-69 years at enrollment in 1995 in the Black Women's Health Study. Dietary intake was assessed by using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for breast cancer risk factors. During 12 years of follow-up, there were 1,268 incident cases of breast cancer. Total fruit, total vegetable, and total fruit and vegetable intakes were not significantly associated with overall risk of breast cancer. However, total vegetable consumption was associated with a decreased risk of estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer (incidence rate ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.38, 0.85, for ≥2 servings/day relative to <4/week; P(trend) = 0.02). In addition, there was some evidence of inverse associations with breast cancer risk overall for cruciferous vegetable intake (P(trend) = 0.06) and for carrot intake (P(trend) = 0.02). Study findings suggest that frequent consumption of vegetables is inversely associated with risk of estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer, and that specific vegetables may be associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer overall.
作者前瞻性地研究了 51928 名年龄在 21-69 岁的黑人妇女在 1995 年参加黑人妇女健康研究时的水果和蔬菜摄入量与乳腺癌风险之间的关系。饮食摄入量通过使用经过验证的食物频率问卷进行评估。使用 Cox 比例风险模型估计发病率比和 95%置信区间，同时调整乳腺癌风险因素。在 12 年的随访期间，共有 1268 例乳腺癌病例。总水果、总蔬菜和总水果与蔬菜摄入量与乳腺癌的总体风险无显著相关性。然而，总蔬菜摄入量与雌激素受体阴性/孕激素受体阴性乳腺癌的风险降低相关（发病率比=0.57，95%置信区间：0.38，0.85，每天≥2 份与每周<4 份相比；P（趋势）=0.02）。此外，十字花科蔬菜摄入量与乳腺癌总体风险呈负相关（P（趋势）=0.06），胡萝卜摄入量与乳腺癌总体风险呈负相关（P（趋势）=0.02）。研究结果表明，经常食用蔬菜与雌激素受体阴性/孕激素受体阴性乳腺癌的风险呈负相关，某些蔬菜可能与降低乳腺癌的总体风险有关。
