Department of Biophysics, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany.
J Cell Physiol. 2011 Apr;226(4):962-7. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22466.
Post-translational protein modification represents a fundamental tool within the control of protein functions. While phosphorylation is the longest known of these modifications, several more were identified. Among these, acetylation was originally discovered as an important modification of histones within the process of transcription. Later it was revealed that histone acetylation also plays a crucial role in DNA repair, and that histones are not the only target for transient acetylation within these processes. Although there is no doubt that protein acetylation is essential, its function and even more its regulation is still not fully elucidated. Here we will discuss how protein acetylation occurs within the cellular response to radiation, a well characterized DNA-damaging environmental stressor and further want to draw the attention to open questions within the field of protein acetylation.
翻译后蛋白质修饰是控制蛋白质功能的一种基本手段。虽然磷酸化是这些修饰中已知时间最长的，但又发现了几种其他修饰。其中，乙酰化最初是在转录过程中作为组蛋白的一种重要修饰被发现的。后来发现组蛋白乙酰化在DNA修复中也起着关键作用，并且组蛋白并不是这些过程中瞬时乙酰化的唯一靶点。尽管蛋白质乙酰化至关重要这一点毫无疑问，但其功能乃至调控仍未完全阐明。在此，我们将讨论蛋白质乙酰化在细胞对辐射（一种特征明确的DNA损伤环境应激源）的反应中是如何发生的，并进一步提请关注蛋白质乙酰化领域中尚未解决的问题。
