Cancer Research UK Paediatric and Familial Cancer Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012 Jan;58(1):55-60. doi: 10.1002/pbc.22738. Epub 2010 Oct 14.
There has been a steady increase in published research from Europe and North America on the epidemiology of cancers in young people. There are limited data from the developing world. We contrast the incidence of cancer at ages 15-29 years in India and England.
Malignant neoplasms in those aged 15-29 years registered during 2001-2003 in five urban population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) of India and in eight PBCRs in England were included. Site-based classification was used. Age-standardized incidence rates were expressed per 100,000 person years.
In India, 4,864 (5.8%) of 84,450 cases and in England, 8,137 (1.2%) of 65,6752 cancer cases occurred in those aged 15-29 years. For this age group, the incidence rate for males and females in India were 12.91 and 14.19, and in England were 27.75 and 28.88, respectively. In males aged 15-29 years, the three most common cancers in India were leukemia, lymphoma, and central nervous system tumors and in England were cancers of male genital organs, lymphoma, and leukemia. Cancers of female genital organs, breast, and leukemia were most common in females in India and cancers of female genital organs, lymphoma, and melanoma in England. For cancers of mouth, stomach, and gall bladder, the incidence was higher in India.
Incidence of cancer at ages 15-29 years in England is higher at most sites than in India. Variation in environmental exposures between the two countries might be an explanation. Under-ascertainment of cases and gender bias in seeking healthcare may also influence reported incidence rates in India.
欧洲和北美的癌症流行病学研究发表数量稳步增加。来自发展中国家的数据有限。我们对比了印度和英国 15-29 岁人群的癌症发病率。
纳入了印度五个城市人口癌症登记处（PBCR）和英国八个 PBCR 中 2001-2003 年登记的 15-29 岁人群恶性肿瘤。采用部位分类。年龄标准化发病率用每 10 万人年表示。
在印度，84450 例患者中有 4864 例（5.8%），在英国 656752 例患者中有 8137 例（1.2%）年龄在 15-29 岁。对于这个年龄组，印度男性和女性的发病率分别为 12.91 和 14.19，英国为 27.75 和 28.88。在 15-29 岁的男性中，印度最常见的三种癌症是白血病、淋巴瘤和中枢神经系统肿瘤，而在英国则是男性生殖器官癌、淋巴瘤和白血病。印度女性中最常见的癌症是女性生殖器官癌、乳腺癌和白血病，而英国则是女性生殖器官癌、淋巴瘤和黑色素瘤。在口腔癌、胃癌和胆囊癌中，印度的发病率更高。
英国 15-29 岁人群的癌症发病率在大多数部位均高于印度。两国之间环境暴露的差异可能是一个解释。病例的漏诊和寻求医疗保健时的性别偏见也可能影响印度的报告发病率。
