Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2011 Jan;31(1):27-31. doi: 10.1089/jir.2010.0057. Epub 2010 Oct 15.
Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), melanoma differentiation-associated 5 (MDA5), and laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) form a family of DExD/H box RNA helicases. RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are expressed ubiquitously at low levels, and their expression is induced by treatment with type I interferon (IFN) or a viral infection. RLRs function as sensors for the detection of viral RNA (such as double-stranded RNA) in the cytoplasm to initiate antiviral responses by producing type I and type III IFNs. Unlike Toll-like receptors, which sense exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns, RLRs detect cytoplasmic viral RNA. Because RLRs are IFN-inducible viral sensors, they are critical in amplifying antiviral responses.
视黄酸诱导基因-I（RIG-I）、黑色素瘤分化相关基因 5（MDA5）和遗传学和生理学实验室 2（LGP2）形成了一个 DExD/H 盒 RNA 解旋酶家族。RIG-I 样受体（RLRs）在低水平下广泛表达，其表达可通过 I 型干扰素（IFN）或病毒感染诱导。RLRs 作为细胞质中病毒 RNA（如双链 RNA）检测的传感器，通过产生 I 型和 III 型 IFN 来启动抗病毒反应。与识别外源病原体相关分子模式的 Toll 样受体不同，RLRs 检测细胞质中的病毒 RNA。由于 RLRs 是 IFN 诱导的病毒传感器，它们在放大抗病毒反应中至关重要。
