Real-time detection of DNA hybridization on microarray using a CCD-based imaging system equipped with a rotated microlens array disk.

This work describes a novel charge-coupled device (CCD)-based imaging system (MB Biochip Reader™) for real-time detection of DNA hybridization to DNA microarrays. The MB Biochip Reader™ consisted of a laser light source (532 nm), a microlens array for generation of a multi-beam laser, and a CCD for 2-D signal imaging. The MB Biochip Reader™ with a rotated microlens array, allowed large-field imaging (6.2 mm × 7.6 mm with 6.45 μm resolution) with fast time-resolution at 0.2 s without speckle noise. Furthermore, real-time detection of DNA hybridization, which is sufficient to obtain accurate data from tens of thousands of array element per field, was successfully performed without the need for laser scanning. The performance of the MB Biochip Reader™ for DNA microarray imaging was similar to the commercially available photomultiplier tube (PMT)-based microarray scanner, ScanArray Lite. The system potentially could be applied toward real-time analysis in many other fluorescent techniques in addition to real-time DNA microarray analysis.