Lin Patrick P, Wang Yongxing, Lozano Guillermina
Department of Orthopaedic Oncology (Unit 1448), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Sarcoma. 2011;2011. doi: 10.1155/2011/276463. Epub 2010 Oct 5.
The origin of Ewing's sarcoma is a subject of much debate. Once thought to be derived from primitive neuroectodermal cells, many now believe it to arise from a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). Expression of the EWS-FLI1 fusion gene in MSCs changes cell morphology to resemble Ewing's sarcoma and induces expression of neuroectodermal markers. In murine cells, transformation to sarcomas can occur. In knockdown experiments, Ewing's sarcoma cells develop characteristics of MSCs and the ability to differentiate into mesodermal lineages. However, it cannot be concluded that MSCs are the cell of origin. The concept of an MSC still needs to be rigorously defined, and there may be different subpopulations of mesenchymal pluripotential cells. Furthermore, EWS-FLI1 by itself does not transform human cells, and cooperating mutations appear to be necessary. Therefore, while it is possible that Ewing's sarcoma may originate from a primitive mesenchymal cell, the idea needs to be refined further.
尤因肉瘤的起源是一个备受争议的话题。曾经被认为起源于原始神经外胚层细胞，现在许多人认为它起源于间充质干细胞（MSC）。EWS-FLI1融合基因在间充质干细胞中的表达会改变细胞形态，使其类似于尤因肉瘤，并诱导神经外胚层标志物的表达。在鼠细胞中，可发生向肉瘤的转化。在基因敲低实验中，尤因肉瘤细胞表现出间充质干细胞的特征以及分化为中胚层谱系的能力。然而，不能就此得出间充质干细胞是起源细胞的结论。间充质干细胞的概念仍需严格定义，并且可能存在不同亚群的间充质多能细胞。此外，EWS-FLI1自身并不能转化人类细胞，似乎还需要协同突变。因此，虽然尤因肉瘤有可能起源于原始间充质细胞，但这一观点还需要进一步完善。
