Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Aug 23;14(9):1669. doi: 10.3390/genes14091669.
The goal of regenerative medicine is to achieve tissue regeneration. In the past, commonly used techniques included autologous or allogeneic transplantation and stem cell therapy, which have limitations, such as a lack of donor sites in the case of autologous transplantation and the invasiveness of stem cell harvesting. In recent years, research has, therefore, focused on new and less invasive strategies to achieve tissue regeneration. A step forward in this direction has been made with the development of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs), which are derived from the patient's own blood. They can be classified into three generations: platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGFs). These APCs have different structural characteristics, depending on the distinctive preparation method, and contain platelets, leukocytes, and multiple growth factors, including those most involved in regenerative processes. The purpose of this review is to clarify the most used techniques in the field of regenerative medicine in recent years, comparing the different types of APCs and analyzing the preparation protocols, the composition of the growth factors, the level of characterization achieved, and their clinical applications to date.
再生医学的目标是实现组织再生。过去，常用的技术包括自体或同种异体移植和干细胞治疗，但这些方法存在局限性，例如自体移植时缺乏供体部位，以及干细胞采集具有侵入性。因此，近年来，研究的重点是采用新的、侵袭性较小的策略来实现组织再生。在这方面取得的一个进展是开发源自患者自身血液的自体血小板浓缩物 (APC)。它们可以分为三代：富血小板血浆 (PRP)、富血小板纤维蛋白 (PRF) 和浓缩生长因子 (CGF)。这些 APC 具有不同的结构特征，这取决于独特的制备方法，并且含有血小板、白细胞和多种生长因子，包括在再生过程中最相关的生长因子。本综述的目的是阐明近年来再生医学领域中最常用的技术，比较不同类型的 APC，并分析其制备方案、生长因子组成、达到的特征水平以及迄今为止的临床应用。
