Adeyemo Wasiu L, Ogunlewe Mobolanle O, Ladeinde Akinola L, Hassan Olufemi O, Taiwo Olanrewaju A
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2010 Jul 1;11(4):E001-8.
Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted third molars is a common practice throughout the world justified on the presumption that the risk of surgical morbidity increases with increasing age, among other reasons. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare surgical morbidity associated with third-molar extractions in young and aging populations.
A review of records for all patients who underwent the surgical extraction of impacted third molars between April 2001 and June 2006 at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital was carried out.
A total of 506 patients had surgical extractions of impacted third molars under local anaesthesia during the period of the study. Of these, 470 (92.9 percent) patients were below the age of 40 years (Group A) and 36 (7.1 percent) patients were 40 years of age and older (Group B). No incidences of severe intraoperative complications (excessive bleeding or mandibular fractures) were recorded in either group, but other postoperative complications were reported in 70 (13.8 percent) patients. Of these 70 patients, 65 (92.9 percent) were from Group A and 5 (7.1 percent) were from Group B, and their complications included infected socket, dry socket, paraesthesia, and buccal space abscess.
No significant difference in post-operative complications following surgical removal of mandibular third molars was found between patients 40 years old and greater and those below age 40. Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, based on the assumption that surgical morbidity increases with age, may not be justifiable.
Age does not predispose patients who had surgical extraction of mandibular third molars above 40 years of age to any additional surgical complications when compared to patients below the age of 40 years receiving comparable treatment.
预防性手术拔除阻生第三磨牙在全世界都是一种常见的做法，其依据是，除其他原因外，手术并发症的风险会随着年龄的增长而增加。本研究的目的是分析和比较年轻人群与老年人群中与第三磨牙拔除相关的手术并发症。
对2001年4月至2006年6月在拉各斯大学教学医院接受阻生第三磨牙手术拔除的所有患者的记录进行了回顾。
在研究期间，共有506例患者在局部麻醉下接受了阻生第三磨牙的手术拔除。其中，470例（92.9%）患者年龄在40岁以下（A组），36例（7.1%）患者年龄在40岁及以上（B组）。两组均未记录到严重的术中并发症（出血过多或下颌骨骨折），但有70例（13.8%）患者报告了其他术后并发症。在这70例患者中，65例（92.9%）来自A组，5例（7.1%）来自B组，其并发症包括牙槽窝感染、干槽症、感觉异常和颊间隙脓肿。
40岁及以上患者与40岁以下患者在下颌第三磨牙手术拔除后的术后并发症方面没有显著差异。基于手术并发症会随着年龄增长而增加这一假设进行预防性手术拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙可能不合理。
与接受类似治疗的40岁以下患者相比，40岁及以上接受下颌第三磨牙手术拔除的患者不会因年龄因素而更容易出现任何额外的手术并发症。
