Rakhshan Vahid
Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ; Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Apr;41(2):59-65. doi: 10.5125/jkaoms.2015.41.2.59. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
The extraction of third molars is a common task carried out at dental/surgery clinics. Postoperative pain is one of the two most common complications of this surgery, along with dry socket. Knowledge of the frequent risk factors of this complication is useful in determining high-risk patients, planning treatment, and preparing the patients mentally. Since the risk factors for postoperative pain have never been summarized before while the risk factors for dry socket have been highly debated, this report summarizes the literature regarding the common predictors of postextraction pain. Except for surgical difficulty and the surgeon's experience, the influences of other risk factors (age, gender and oral contraceptive use) were rather inconclusive. The case of a female gender or oral contraceptive effect might mainly be associated with estrogen levels (when it comes to dry socket), which can differ considerably from case to case. Improvement in and unification of statistical and diagnostic methods seem necessary. In addition, each risk factor was actually a combination of various independent variables, which should instead be targeted in more comprehensive studies.
拔除第三磨牙是牙科/外科诊所常见的操作。术后疼痛是该手术最常见的两种并发症之一，另一种是干槽症。了解这种并发症的常见风险因素有助于确定高危患者、规划治疗方案以及让患者做好心理准备。由于此前从未对术后疼痛的风险因素进行过总结，而干槽症的风险因素一直存在激烈争论，本报告总结了有关拔牙后疼痛常见预测因素的文献。除了手术难度和外科医生的经验外，其他风险因素（年龄、性别和口服避孕药的使用）的影响相当不确定。女性或口服避孕药的影响可能主要与雌激素水平有关（涉及干槽症时），具体情况差异很大。似乎有必要改进和统一统计及诊断方法。此外，每个风险因素实际上都是各种独立变量的组合，应该在更全面的研究中针对这些变量。
