Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box Surgery, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2010 Oct;90(5):1053-63. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2010.06.007.
Assessment of the airways and surrounding structures, including the mediastinum and pulmonary parenchyma, has been greatly facilitated by advancements in bronchoscopic techniques, both rigid and flexible. Recent years have seen an explosion in technologies that have revolutionized the ability to visualize, biopsy, or otherwise assess regions of potential pathology within the upper aerodigestive tract and adjacent structures. This article concisely and comprehensively reviews the endoscopic evaluation of the tracheobronchial tree and mediastinum with a focus on emerging technologies and their role in treatment of thoracic disease.
支气管镜技术（包括刚性和柔性支气管镜技术）的进步极大地促进了气道和周围结构（包括纵隔和肺实质）的评估。近年来，许多技术得到了飞速发展，彻底改变了人们对上呼吸道和邻近结构的潜在病变区域进行可视化、活检或其他评估的能力。本文简要而全面地回顾了气管支气管树和纵隔的内镜评估，重点介绍了新兴技术及其在胸部疾病治疗中的作用。
