Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Virol Sin. 2010 Aug;25(4):294-300. doi: 10.1007/s12250-010-3138-9. Epub 2010 Jul 28.
Chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) presents one of the serious public health challenges worldwide. Current treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is limited, and is composed of interferon and nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI). Interferon is poorly tolerated and is only responsive in a small fraction of CHB patients and NRTIs often face the problem of emergence of drug resistance during long-term treatment. The current treatment of CHB can be improved in several ways including genotyping mutations associated with drug resistance before treatment to guide the choice of NRTIs and suitable combinations among NRTIs and interferon. It is important to continue research in the identification of novel therapeutic targets in the life cycle of HBV or in the host immune system to stimulate the development of new antiviral agents and immunotherapies. Several antiviral agents targeting HBV entry, cccDNA, capsid formation, viral morphogenesis and virion secretion, as well as two therapeutic vaccines are currently being evaluated in preclinical studies or in clinical trials to assess their anti-HBV efficacy.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）慢性感染是全球面临的严重公共卫生挑战之一。目前慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）的治疗方法有限，包括干扰素和核苷（酸）类似物逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTI）。干扰素的耐受性差，仅对一小部分 CHB 患者有效，而 NRTIs 在长期治疗中经常面临耐药性出现的问题。CHB 的当前治疗可以通过多种方式得到改善，包括在治疗前对与耐药性相关的基因分型突变进行检测，以指导 NRTI 的选择，以及 NRTI 和干扰素之间的合适组合。重要的是要继续研究 HBV 生命周期或宿主免疫系统中的新治疗靶点，以刺激新抗病毒药物和免疫疗法的开发。目前有几种针对 HBV 进入、cccDNA、衣壳形成、病毒形态发生和病毒分泌的抗病毒药物以及两种治疗性疫苗正在进行临床前研究或临床试验，以评估其抗 HBV 的疗效。
