Tolomio Silvia, Ermolao Andrea, Lalli Alberto, Zaccaria Marco
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Sports Medicine Unit, Padova, Italy.
J Women Aging. 2010;22(4):241-54. doi: 10.1080/08952841.2010.518866.
Exercise is important for the prevention of osteoporosis and the reduction of fracture risk because it improves muscle mass and strength, besides improving balance. We evaluated the effect of a specific exercise program on bone mass and quality and physical function capacity in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density.
Participants (N = 125) underwent a bone mass (Dual X-ray Absorptiometry), bone quality (osteosonography), and physical functional capacity assessment. Fifty-eight of them took part in an 11-month exercise program (E), that included a multicomponent (strength, aerobic capacity, balance, joint mobility) dual-modality (on ground and in the water; alternating group and home-based exercise periods) exercise regimen. The others represented a control group (C) that did not exercise. After the exercise program all participants were reevaluated.
After the training program: femoral neck T-score significantly improved in E; C significantly decreased all bone quality (osteosonography) parameters, whereas E showed no differences; E significantly improved all the physical function capacity parameters, while most of them decreased or did not change in C.
A specific exercise program targeting osteoporosis improves physical function capacity, reduces physiological bone loss, and maintains bone quality in low bone mineral density postmenopausal women.
运动对于预防骨质疏松症和降低骨折风险很重要，因为它除了能改善平衡能力外，还能增加肌肉量和力量。我们评估了一项特定运动计划对骨密度低的绝经后女性的骨量、骨质和身体功能能力的影响。
参与者（N = 125）接受了骨量（双能X线吸收法）、骨质（骨超声检查）和身体功能能力评估。其中58人参加了为期11个月的运动计划（E组），该计划包括多组分（力量、有氧能力、平衡、关节活动度）双模式（地面和水中；交替进行小组运动和居家运动阶段）运动方案。其余人员作为不运动的对照组（C组）。运动计划结束后，对所有参与者进行了重新评估。
训练计划结束后：E组股骨颈T值显著改善；C组所有骨质（骨超声检查）参数均显著下降，而E组无差异；E组所有身体功能能力参数均显著改善，而C组大多数参数下降或未改变。
一项针对骨质疏松症的特定运动计划可改善低骨密度绝经后女性的身体功能能力，减少生理性骨质流失，并维持骨质。
