Hollander Ilyssa E, Bell Nicole S
Social Sectors Development Strategies, Inc., 1411 Washington Street, Suite 6, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Mil Med. 2010 Oct;175(10):705-12. doi: 10.7205/milmed-d-09-00214.
Effective job assignments should take into account physical capabilities to perform required tasks. Failure to do so is likely to result in increased injuries and musculoskeletal disability.
To evaluate the association between job demands and health outcomes among U.S. Army soldiers.
Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis is used to describe associations between job demands, hospitalizations, and disability among 261,096 enlisted Army soldiers in heavily, moderately, and lightly physically demanding occupations (2000-2005) who were followed for up to 5 years.
Controlling for gender, race, and age, soldiers in heavily demanding jobs were at increased risk for any-cause injury, on-duty injuries, any-cause hospitalizations, and any-cause disability, but not for musculoskeletal disability.
Army job assignments should more accurately match physical capabilities to job demands and/or jobs should be redesigned to reduce injuries. Though musculoskeletal disorders are often the result of acute injury, the demographic and occupational risk patterns differ from acute injury.
有效的工作分配应考虑执行所需任务的身体能力。否则可能会导致受伤增加和肌肉骨骼残疾。
评估美国陆军士兵的工作要求与健康结果之间的关联。
采用多变量Cox比例风险分析来描述261,096名陆军现役士兵（2000 - 2005年）中，从事高强度、中等强度和低强度体力要求职业的人员，其工作要求、住院情况和残疾之间的关联，随访时间长达5年。
在控制性别、种族和年龄后，从事高要求工作的士兵因任何原因受伤、执勤受伤、因任何原因住院以及因任何原因致残的风险增加，但肌肉骨骼残疾风险未增加。
陆军的工作分配应更准确地使身体能力与工作要求相匹配，和/或应重新设计工作以减少受伤。虽然肌肉骨骼疾病通常是急性损伤的结果，但人口统计学和职业风险模式与急性损伤不同。
