Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Mar;105(5):787-94. doi: 10.1017/S000711451000423X. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
The present study reports the Na intake of a representative sample of Spanish young and middle-aged adults aged 18-60 years (n 418, 53·1 % women, selected from the capitals of fifteen provinces and the surrounding semi-urban/rural area), measured with a 24 h urinary Na excretion method. To validate the paper collection of 24 h urine, the correlation between fat-free mass determined by electrical bioimpedance (50·8 (sd 11·3) kg) and that determined via urinary creatinine excretion (51·5 (sd 18·8) kg) was calculated (r 0·633, P < 0·001). Urinary Na excretion correlated with systolic and dyastolic blood pressure data (r 0·243 and 0·153, respectively). Assuming that all urinary Na (168·0 (sd 78·6) mmol/d) comes from the diet, Na excretion would correspond with a dietary salt intake of 9·8 (sd 4·6) g/d, and it would mean that 88·2 % of the subjects had salt intakes above the recommended 5 g/d. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for sex, age and BMI, showed male sex (OR 3·678, 95 % CI 2·336, 5·791) and increasing BMI (OR 1·069, 95 % CI 1·009, 1·132) (P < 0·001) to be associated with excreting >200 mmol/d urinary Na--a consequence of the higher salt intake in men and in participants with higher BMI. The present results help us to know the baseline salt intake in the Spanish young and middle-aged adult population, and can be used as the baseline to design policies to reduce salt consumption.
本研究报告了一项针对 18-60 岁西班牙年轻和中年成年人的代表性样本的钠摄入量（n=418，53.1%为女性，选自十五个省份的首府和周边半城市/农村地区），采用 24 小时尿液钠排泄方法进行测量。为了验证 24 小时尿液收集的有效性，通过计算无脂肪质量（通过电阻抗法测定，50.8（sd 11.3）kg）与通过尿肌酐排泄测定的无脂肪质量（51.5（sd 18.8）kg）之间的相关性（r=0.633，P<0.001）。尿钠排泄与收缩压和舒张压数据相关（r 分别为 0.243 和 0.153）。假设所有尿钠（168.0（sd 78.6）mmol/d）均来自饮食，则尿钠排泄对应于膳食盐摄入量为 9.8（sd 4.6）g/d，这意味着 88.2%的受试者盐摄入量超过了建议的 5 g/d。调整性别、年龄和 BMI 后进行逻辑回归分析显示，男性（OR 3.678，95%CI 2.336，5.791）和 BMI 增加（OR 1.069，95%CI 1.009，1.132）（P<0.001）与排泄>200mmol/d 尿钠有关，这是由于男性和 BMI 较高的参与者的盐摄入量较高所致。本研究结果有助于我们了解西班牙年轻和中年成年人的基础盐摄入量，并可作为设计减少盐摄入量政策的基线。
