Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
J Adolesc Health. 2010 Nov;47(5):479-87. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.03.012. Epub 2010 May 11.
Persistence of socioeconomic differences in smoking among adolescents over time is unexplored. We investigated the changes in smoking among 12-18-year-old Finns from 1977 to 2007 using multiple indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) to determine whether differences between socioeconomic groups increase over time, with reduced smoking in higher socioeconomic groups.
Nationwide biennial surveys were conducted since 1977 (response rate, 59%-88%; N = 96,747) using familial and individual social position (school performance/career) indicators. Associations between socioeconomic indicators and smoking were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.
Socioeconomic differences in smoking measured by familial SES or individual social position persisted over time, with higher rates in lower SES groups. Individual social position was more strongly related to smoking than familial SES. Differences between groups assessed by individual social position increased over time: the difference in smoking prevalence between groups with the lowest and highest individual social position among 12-14-year-old girls and boys, respectively, was 22% and 28% in 1977-1983, and 45% and 34% in 2001-2007; and in 16-18-year-old girls, 33% in 1977-1983 and 48% in 2001-2007. Smoking differences in relation to father's education increased over time: the difference in 12-14-year-old girls and boys, respectively, between the lowest and highest SES groups was 6% and 5% in 1977-1983 and 9% and 8.5% in 2001-2007; and in 16-18-year-old girls and boys, respectively, 7% and 10% in 1977-1983 and 13% and 14.5% in 2001-2007.
Differences between socioeconomic groups among Finnish adolescents persisted or increased over 30 years, and predict differences in smoking-related diseases between socioeconomic groups in adulthood.
青少年吸烟的社会经济差异长期存在，但尚未得到探索。我们使用多种社会经济地位（SES）指标，调查了 1977 年至 2007 年期间芬兰 12 至 18 岁青少年吸烟行为的变化，以确定社会经济群体之间的差异是否随着时间的推移而增加，高社会经济群体的吸烟率是否下降。
自 1977 年以来，每隔两年进行一次全国性调查（应答率为 59%-88%；N=96747），采用家庭和个人社会地位（学业/职业）指标。使用逻辑回归分析评估社会经济指标与吸烟之间的关联。
通过家庭 SES 或个人社会地位衡量的吸烟社会经济差异长期存在，社会经济地位较低的群体吸烟率较高。与家庭 SES 相比，个人社会地位与吸烟的相关性更强。通过个人社会地位评估的群体差异随时间增加：12-14 岁女孩和男孩中，社会地位最低和最高两组之间的吸烟率差异分别为 1977-1983 年的 22%和 28%，2001-2007 年的 45%和 34%；16-18 岁女孩，1977-1983 年的 33%和 2001-2007 年的 48%。与父亲教育程度相关的吸烟差异随时间增加：12-14 岁女孩和男孩中，社会地位最低和最高两组之间的差异分别为 1977-1983 年的 6%和 5%，2001-2007 年的 9%和 8.5%；16-18 岁女孩和男孩中，1977-1983 年的 7%和 10%和 2001-2007 年的 13%和 14.5%。
芬兰青少年的社会经济群体差异持续存在或在 30 多年间增加，这预示着成年后社会经济群体在与吸烟相关的疾病方面的差异。
