Knaappila Noora, Marttunen Mauri, Fröjd Sari, Lindberg Nina, Kaltiala-Heino Riittakerttu
University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki, Finland.
University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere, Finland.
Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol. 2019 May 30;7:52-59. doi: 10.21307/sjcapp-2019-008. eCollection 2019.
Scientific literature suggests that the prevalence of delinquency amongst adolescents has decreased internationally in past decades. However, whether this change is consistent across all socioeconomic groups has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to examine changes in delinquency amongst Finnish adolescents according to socioeconomic status between 2000 and 2015. A population-based school survey was conducted biennially amongst 14-16-year-old Finns between 2000 and 2015 ( = 761,278). Distributions for delinquency and socioeconomic adversities (low parental education, not living with both parents and parental unemployment in the past year) were calculated using crosstabs. Associations between delinquency, time, and socioeconomic adversities were studied using binomial logistic regression results shown by odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals. Delinquency was positively associated with all three socioeconomic adversities studied and cumulative socioeconomic adversity. Although the prevalence of delinquency varied only slightly between 2000 and 2015 in the overall population, it increased significantly amongst adolescents with most socioeconomic adversities. The findings indicate that socioeconomic differences in delinquency have increased amongst Finnish adolescents in past decades. Delinquency prevention and intervention programs should take socioeconomic adversities into account.
科学文献表明，在过去几十年里，青少年犯罪率在国际上有所下降。然而，这种变化在所有社会经济群体中是否一致尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是调查2000年至2015年期间芬兰青少年犯罪率根据社会经济地位的变化情况。在2000年至2015年期间，对14至16岁的芬兰人每两年进行一次基于人群的学校调查（n = 761,278）。使用交叉表计算犯罪率和社会经济逆境（父母教育程度低、过去一年未与父母双方同住以及父母失业）的分布情况。使用二项逻辑回归研究犯罪率、时间和社会经济逆境之间的关联，结果以优势比和95%置信区间表示。犯罪率与所研究的所有三种社会经济逆境以及累积社会经济逆境呈正相关。尽管在总体人群中，2000年至2015年期间犯罪率仅略有变化，但在社会经济逆境最大的青少年中，犯罪率显著上升。研究结果表明，在过去几十年里，芬兰青少年犯罪率的社会经济差异有所增加。预防和干预犯罪的项目应考虑社会经济逆境因素。
