Joseph L. Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, 105 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E6.
J Appl Psychol. 2011 Mar;96(2):363-76. doi: 10.1037/a0020969.
In 2 experimental studies, we examined a way to overcome nonbeneficiaries' resistance to employment equity (EE) policies-participation in formulating the policy. We operationalized participation in terms of instrumental versus noninstrumental voice and proposed that nonbeneficiaries would be more likely to support an EE policy when allowed instrumental participation in the policy's development. Further, we proposed psychological ownership as the mediating mechanism underlying the effects of instrumental participation. Study 1 examined participation effects for a gender-based EE policy and Study 2 for a race-based EE policy. As predicted, we found that nonbeneficiaries (men in Study 1; Whites in Study 2) in the instrumental participation condition expressed greater behavioral intentions to promote the policy (Studies 1 and 2) and were more likely to engage in a behavior promoting the policy (Study 2). We also found support for psychological ownership as the underlying mediating mechanism in both studies. Contributions to theory and practice are discussed.
在两项实验研究中，我们探讨了一种克服非受益者对就业公平（EE）政策抵制的方法——参与制定政策。我们根据工具性和非工具性声音将参与操作性化，并提出当非受益者被允许在政策制定中发挥工具性作用时，他们更有可能支持 EE 政策。此外，我们提出心理所有权作为工具性参与影响的中介机制。研究 1 检验了基于性别的 EE 政策的参与效果，研究 2 检验了基于种族的 EE 政策的参与效果。正如预测的那样，我们发现，在工具性参与条件下的非受益者（研究 1 中的男性；研究 2 中的白人）表示更强烈的促进政策的行为意向（研究 1 和 2），并且更有可能采取促进政策的行为（研究 2）。我们还在这两项研究中发现了心理所有权作为潜在中介机制的支持。讨论了对理论和实践的贡献。
