概率非结构化序列内隐学习的年龄差异。
Age differences in implicit learning of probabilistic unstructured sequences.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2011 Jan;66(1):32-8. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbq066. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
It is unclear whether implicit probabilistic learning, the acquisition of regularities without intent or explicit knowledge, declines with healthy aging.
METHODS
Because age differences in previous work might reflect motor or rule learning deficits, we used the implicit Triplets Learning Task with reduced motor sequencing and non-rule-based associations. Fifteen young and 15 old adults responded only to the last event in a series of discrete 3-event sequences or triplets. A randomly chosen set of triplets occurred with high frequency, so there was no underlying rule to be learned.
RESULTS
Both age groups learned associative regularities, but age differences in favor of the young emerged with practice. Discussion. Age differences may reflect the different neural regions that are involved as training progresses, which differ in the extent to which they are compromised by aging.
摘要
目的
目前尚不清楚，在没有意图或明确知识的情况下获得规律的内隐概率学习是否会随着健康衰老而下降。
方法
由于之前的研究中年龄差异可能反映了运动或规则学习的缺陷，因此我们使用了简化的三序列学习任务，减少了运动序列和非规则关联。15 名年轻成年人和 15 名老年成年人仅对离散的 3 事件序列或三序列中的最后一个事件做出反应。随机选择的一组三序列以高频率出现，因此没有要学习的基本规则。
结果
两个年龄组都学习了联想规律，但随着练习的进行，年轻人的年龄差异更明显。讨论。年龄差异可能反映了随着训练的进展，所涉及的不同神经区域不同，而这些区域在多大程度上受到衰老的影响也不同。
相似文献
1
Age differences in implicit learning of probabilistic unstructured sequences.概率非结构化序列内隐学习的年龄差异。
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2011 Jan;66(1):32-8. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbq066. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
2
The effects of aging on the neural basis of implicit associative learning in a probabilistic triplets learning task.老化对概率三元组学习任务中内隐联想学习的神经基础的影响。
J Cogn Neurosci. 2012 Feb;24(2):451-63. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00116. Epub 2011 Aug 23.
3
Implicit learning of predictive relationships in three-element visual sequences by young and old adults.年轻人和老年人对三元视觉序列中预测关系的内隐学习。
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2008 Sep;34(5):1139-57. doi: 10.1037/a0012797.
4
The Effects of Structural Complexity on Age-Related Deficits in Implicit Probabilistic Sequence Learning.结构复杂性对内隐概率序列学习中与年龄相关缺陷的影响。
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2016 Mar;71(2):212-9. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbu135. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
5
Event simultaneity does not eliminate age deficits in implicit probabilistic sequence learning.事件同步并不能消除内隐概率序列学习中的年龄缺陷。
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2014;79(3):211-23. doi: 10.2190/AG.79.3.b.
6
Implicit motor sequence learning in schizophrenia and in old age: reduced performance only in the third session.精神分裂症患者及老年人的内隐运动序列学习：仅在第三阶段表现下降。
Exp Brain Res. 2016 Dec;234(12):3531-3542. doi: 10.1007/s00221-016-4751-0. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
7
Event Timing and age deficits in higher-order sequence learning.高阶序列学习中的事件时机与年龄缺陷
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2007 Nov;14(6):647-68. doi: 10.1080/13825580601186635.
8
Age group differences in learning-related activity reflect task stage, not learning stage.学习相关活动的年龄组差异反映了任务阶段，而不是学习阶段。
Behav Brain Res. 2022 Jan 7;416:113570. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113570. Epub 2021 Sep 7.
9
Age deficits in learning sequences of spoken words.学习口语单词序列中的年龄缺陷。
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2003 Jul;58(4):P224-7. doi: 10.1093/geronb/58.4.p224.
10
The effect of presentation rate on implicit sequence learning in aging.呈现速率对衰老过程中内隐序列学习的影响。
Memory. 2017 Feb;25(2):187-200. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2016.1148739. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
引用本文的文献
1
White matter microstructural correlates of associative learning in the oldest-old.老年人联想学习的白质微观结构相关性研究。
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2023 Feb;23(1):114-124. doi: 10.3758/s13415-022-01035-7. Epub 2022 Sep 26.
2
Age group differences in learning-related activity reflect task stage, not learning stage.学习相关活动的年龄组差异反映了任务阶段，而不是学习阶段。
Behav Brain Res. 2022 Jan 7;416:113570. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113570. Epub 2021 Sep 7.
3
Implicit associative learning relates to basal ganglia gray matter microstructure in young and older adults.内隐联想学习与年轻和老年成年人的基底神经节灰质微观结构有关。
Behav Brain Res. 2021 Jan 15;397:112950. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112950. Epub 2020 Oct 2.
4
Probabilistic Information Modulates the Timed Response Inhibition Deficit in Aging Mice.概率信息调节衰老小鼠的定时反应抑制缺陷。
Front Behav Neurosci. 2019 Sep 3;13:196. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00196. eCollection 2019.
5
A neural hallmark of auditory implicit learning is altered in older adults.听觉内隐学习的神经标志在老年人中发生改变。
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 30;14(1):e0211468. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211468. eCollection 2019.
6
Physical Activity Is Associated with Reduced Implicit Learning but Enhanced Relational Memory and Executive Functioning in Young Adults.体育活动与年轻人内隐学习能力下降有关，但与关系记忆和执行功能增强有关。
PLoS One. 2016 Sep 1;11(9):e0162100. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162100. eCollection 2016.
7
Implicit and Explicit Learning of a Sequential Postural Weight-Shifting Task in Young and Older Adults.年轻人和老年人对顺序性姿势重心转移任务的内隐和外显学习
Front Psychol. 2016 May 24;7:733. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00733. eCollection 2016.
8
Task-related functional connectivity of the caudate mediates the association between trait mindfulness and implicit learning in older adults.尾状核的任务相关功能连接介导了老年人特质正念与内隐学习之间的关联。
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2016 Aug;16(4):736-53. doi: 10.3758/s13415-016-0427-2.
9
Visual Acuity does not Moderate Effect Sizes of Higher-Level Cognitive Tasks.视力不会调节高级认知任务的效应量。
Exp Aging Res. 2016;42(3):221-63. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2016.1156964.
10
Social incentives improve deliberative but not procedural learning in older adults.社会激励能提高老年人的慎议性学习，但不能提高其程序性学习。
Front Psychol. 2015 Apr 16;6:430. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00430. eCollection 2015.
本文引用的文献
1
The effects of aging on the neural basis of implicit associative learning in a probabilistic triplets learning task.老化对概率三元组学习任务中内隐联想学习的神经基础的影响。
J Cogn Neurosci. 2012 Feb;24(2):451-63. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00116. Epub 2011 Aug 23.
2
Activation in striatum and medial temporal lobe during sequence learning in younger and older adults: relations to performance.纹状体和内侧颞叶在年轻和老年成年人序列学习中的激活：与表现的关系。
Neuroimage. 2010 Apr 15;50(3):1303-12. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.015. Epub 2010 Jan 15.
3
Two forms of implicit learning in young adults with dyslexia.患有阅读障碍的年轻人的两种内隐学习形式。
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Dec;1145:184-98. doi: 10.1196/annals.1416.006.
4
Implicit learning of predictive relationships in three-element visual sequences by young and old adults.年轻人和老年人对三元视觉序列中预测关系的内隐学习。
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2008 Sep;34(5):1139-57. doi: 10.1037/a0012797.
5
Basal ganglia and dopamine contributions to probabilistic category learning.基底神经节与多巴胺在概率性类别学习中的作用
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008;32(2):219-36. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.07.008. Epub 2007 Aug 10.
6
Event Timing and age deficits in higher-order sequence learning.高阶序列学习中的事件时机与年龄缺陷
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2007 Nov;14(6):647-68. doi: 10.1080/13825580601186635.
7
Age-related differences in implicit learning of subtle third-order sequential structure.与年龄相关的细微三阶序列结构内隐学习差异。
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2007 Mar;62(2):P98-103. doi: 10.1093/geronb/62.2.p98.
8
The correlative triad among aging, dopamine, and cognition: current status and future prospects.衰老、多巴胺与认知之间的关联三联征：现状与未来展望。
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2006;30(6):791-807. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.06.005. Epub 2006 Aug 9.
9
The basal ganglia in human learning.人类学习中的基底神经节。
Neuroscientist. 2006 Aug;12(4):285-90. doi: 10.1177/1073858405285632.
10
Implicit sequence learning without motor sequencing in young and old adults.年轻人和老年人中无运动序列的内隐序列学习。
Exp Brain Res. 2006 Oct;175(1):153-64. doi: 10.1007/s00221-006-0534-3. Epub 2006 Jun 20.
Zotero 插件