农村诊所患者及医护人员前鼻孔金黄色葡萄球菌的流行情况及其裂解性噬菌体的缺乏

Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and lack of its lytic bacteriophages in the anterior nares of patients and healthcare workers at a rural clinic.

作者信息

Aswani Vijay H, Shukla Sanjay K

机构信息

Marshfield Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, WI 54449, USA.

出版信息

Clin Med Res. 2011 Jun;9(2):75-81. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2010.954. Epub 2010 Oct 25.

DOI:10.3121/cmr.2010.954

PMID:20974887

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3134439/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Nearly 30% of people in the United States are colonized with Staphylococcus aureus and 1% to 2% with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the anterior nares. However, it is not known if lytic bacteriophages against S. aureus are present in the anterior nares, and if they are, what the prevalence rate is, or if they interfere with S. aureus colonization. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA and to screen for S. aureus lytic bacteriophages in healthcare environment workers and ambulatory patients.

METHODS

We enrolled 202 individuals into this study. The anterior nares were swabbed to isolate S. aureus, MRSA, and any lytic S. aureus bacteriophages that may be present. Putative S. aureus colonies on blood agar plates were identified using gram stain, catalase and coagulase tests, and confirmed by S. aureus-specific PCR. Presence of staphylococcal lytic bacteriophages were screened by a plaque assay technique using a methicillin-sensitive reference S. aureus strain ATCC 29213.

RESULTS

Of the 49 (24%) individuals who screened positive for S. aureus, two (1%) were positive for MRSA. None of the samples were positive for lytic bacteriophages against S. aureus. Subgroup analysis found no significant difference in the prevalence of S. aureus in the house staff compared to other healthcare environment workers or ambulatory patients of the clinic. Similarly, no significant difference in colonization was noted across the population with respect to age, sex, body mass index, or presence of diabetes mellitus.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA in the studied population was 24% and 1%, respectively, similar to the rate of prevalence in the United States. The study also showed that the anterior nares do not seem to harbor lytic bacteriophages against S. aureus.

摘要

背景

在美国，近30%的人鼻腔内携带金黄色葡萄球菌，1%至2%的人鼻腔内携带耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）。然而，尚不清楚鼻腔前部是否存在针对金黄色葡萄球菌的裂解性噬菌体，如果存在，其流行率是多少，或者它们是否会干扰金黄色葡萄球菌的定植。本研究的目的是确定医疗环境工作人员和门诊患者中金黄色葡萄球菌和MRSA的鼻腔携带率，并筛查金黄色葡萄球菌裂解性噬菌体。

方法

我们招募了202名个体参与本研究。擦拭鼻腔前部以分离金黄色葡萄球菌、MRSA以及可能存在的任何裂解性金黄色葡萄球菌噬菌体。使用革兰氏染色、过氧化氢酶和凝固酶试验对血琼脂平板上疑似金黄色葡萄球菌菌落进行鉴定，并通过金黄色葡萄球菌特异性PCR进行确认。使用甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌参考菌株ATCC 29213，通过噬斑测定技术筛查葡萄球菌裂解性噬菌体的存在。

结果

在49名（24%）金黄色葡萄球菌筛查呈阳性的个体中，两名（1%）MRSA呈阳性。没有样本对针对金黄色葡萄球菌的裂解性噬菌体呈阳性。亚组分析发现，与其他医疗环境工作人员或诊所门诊患者相比，住院医生中金黄色葡萄球菌的流行率没有显著差异。同样，在整个人口中，关于年龄、性别、体重指数或糖尿病的存在，定植情况也没有显著差异。