College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241003, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Aug;179(1-4):255-65. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1733-8. Epub 2010 Oct 27.
Total mercury (Hg(T)) and bioavailability Hg (Hg(HCl)) concentrations in soil were determined in five districts in Wuhu urban area. Spatial pattern of soil Hg concentration was generated through kriging technology. Results showed that Hg concentration in soil ranged from 0.024 to 2.844 mg kg( -1) with an average of 0.207 mg kg( -1). Hg concentration in soil appeared to have a block distribution and decreased from downtown to surrounding district. And Hg concentrations appeared to have a medium scale spatial auto correlation, strongly affected by human activity. The maximal Hg average concentration (0.332 mg kg( -1)) in soil appeared in Jinghu district, where the high intensity of human activities is. Second highest Hg average concentration (0.263 mg kg( -1)) in soil appeared in development district, where the intensive industrial activities are. Bioavailability Hg concentration in soil ranged from 2.6 to 4.9 μg kg( -1) with an average of 3.8 μg kg( -1), which had a ratio of 0.28~6.44% to total Hg. The ratios of bioavailability Hg to total Hg in vegetable soil were bigger than those of park soil. Correlation analysis showed that total Hg, organic matter, total phosphorus, and bioavailability Hg concentrations in soil were significantly positively correlated. Hg concentration in vegetable ranged from 2.7 to 15.2 μg kg( -1) with an average of 6.5 μg kg( -1). Hg concentration in vegetable was positively correlated with Hg(HCl) concentration in soil. According to the calculation on hazard quotient (HQ) for children, inhalation of Hg vapor from soil is the main exposure pathway, in which HQ is 2.517 × 10( -2), accounting for 80.3% of the four exposure pathways. Hazard index (HI) of the four exposure pathways is lower than the "safe" level of HI = 1; therefore, exposure of soil Hg exhibited little potential health risk to children in Wuhu urban area.
在芜湖市区五个区域测定了土壤总汞（Hg(T)）和生物可利用性汞（Hg(HCl)）浓度。通过克里金技术生成了土壤汞浓度的空间格局。结果表明，土壤汞浓度范围为 0.024 至 2.844mgkg(-1)，平均值为 0.207mgkg(-1)。土壤汞浓度呈块状分布，从市中心向周围地区逐渐降低。并且 Hg 浓度似乎具有中等尺度的空间自相关，强烈受到人类活动的影响。土壤中最大的 Hg 平均浓度（0.332mgkg(-1)）出现在人类活动强度较高的镜湖区。土壤中第二高的 Hg 平均浓度（0.263mgkg(-1)）出现在开发区，那里有密集的工业活动。土壤中生物可利用性 Hg 浓度范围为 2.6 至 4.9μgkg(-1)，平均值为 3.8μgkg(-1)，占总 Hg 的 0.28%至 6.44%。蔬菜土壤中生物可利用性 Hg 与总 Hg 的比值大于公园土壤。相关分析表明，土壤中总 Hg、有机质、总磷和生物可利用性 Hg 浓度呈显著正相关。蔬菜中 Hg 浓度范围为 2.7 至 15.2μgkg(-1)，平均值为 6.5μgkg(-1)。蔬菜中 Hg 浓度与土壤中 Hg(HCl)浓度呈正相关。根据儿童危害商数（HQ）的计算，从土壤中吸入 Hg 蒸气是主要的暴露途径，其中 HQ 为 2.517×10(-2)，占四个暴露途径的 80.3%。四个暴露途径的危害指数（HI）均低于 HI=1 的“安全”水平；因此，芜湖市区土壤 Hg 的暴露对儿童健康的潜在风险较小。
