Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2012 Apr;79(4):501-9. doi: 10.1007/s12098-010-0279-7. Epub 2010 Oct 27.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) occurs due to abnormal proliferation of retinal vessels. The most important risk factors which predispose to development of ROP include oxygen therapy, anemia needing blood transfusion, sepsis and apnea. Very low birth weight neonates, those born at ≤ 32 week of gestation and other preterm neonates with risk factors must be screened for ROP. As a general rule first screening should be done at 1 month of postnatal age. If screening detects ROP not needing treatment follow up should be planned according to location and stage of ROP. Better visual outcomes are observed with earlier treatment at lower threshold. Peripheral retinal ablation with diode laser under adequate analgesia and sedation is the preferred method for treatment of severe ROP. Guidelines regarding the procedure of dilatation, ophthalmic examination and treatment (if required) have been provided in the protocol. Close co-operation between the ophthalmologist and neonatologist is essential for successful management of ROP.
早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）是由于视网膜血管异常增殖引起的。导致 ROP 发生的最重要的危险因素包括氧疗、需要输血的贫血、败血症和呼吸暂停。极低出生体重儿、妊娠 32 周及以下的其他早产儿，如有危险因素，必须进行 ROP 筛查。一般来说，第一次筛查应在出生后 1 个月进行。如果筛查发现需要治疗的 ROP，应根据 ROP 的位置和分期制定随访计划。较早、较低阈值进行治疗可获得更好的视力预后。在充分镇痛和镇静下，二极管激光进行周边视网膜光凝是治疗严重 ROP 的首选方法。该方案中提供了关于散瞳、眼科检查和治疗（如有需要）的程序指南。眼科医生和新生儿科医生之间的密切合作对于 ROP 的成功管理至关重要。
