Zuo L, Wang M
Institute of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking, P.R. China.
Clin Nephrol. 2010 Nov;74 Suppl 1:S20-2.
To illustrate the incidence and prevalence of ESRD in mainland China, and estimate future trends.
The Chinese Society of Blood Purification (CSBP) produced a survey form. The form was designed for use at the facility level, rather than at the patient level. The data were those prevailing at the end of 2008, i.e., the total number of patients at the end of 2007 and the number of new patients during the year 2008; numbers of males and females and each of the age groups; numbers of diabetes, hypertension, polycystic kidney disease, chronic interstitial nephritis, etc. as primary cause of ESRD; and numbers of cardiovascular disease, stroke, infection, etc. as primary cause of death. The forms were distributed to each dialysis facility, and returned to CSBP for analysis. The point prevalence of ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) at the end of 2007 and 2008, and the annual incidence in 2008 were calculated. The primary cause of ESRD and primary cause of death were also reported.
Among 31 provinces and/or regions, 27 responded. At the end of 2007, there were totally 65,074 ESRD patients on MHD or PD; the point prevalence was estimated to be 51.7 per million population (pmp) around mainland China. The number increased to 102,863 at the end of 2008; point prevalence increased to 79.1 pmp. The annual increasing rate of prevalence was 52.9%. The number of new ESRD patients was 45,423; the annual incidence was 36.1 pmp in the year 2008. The main causes of ESRD were glomerulonephritis (45%), diabetes (19%), hypertension (13%), polycystic kidney disease (2%) and others or unknown (20%). The main cause of death was cardiovascular (31.0%), stroke (20.3%), infection (19.9%) and others (28.8%).
Although the prevalence was relatively low compared with other Asian regions, the incidence of MHD was high. Mainland China is anticipating an increasing burden of ESRD in the near future.
阐明中国大陆终末期肾病（ESRD）的发病率和患病率，并预测未来趋势。
中国血液净化协会（CSBP）制作了一份调查问卷。该问卷设计用于机构层面，而非患者层面。数据为2008年末的现有数据，即2007年末的患者总数以及2008年的新增患者数量；男女及各年龄组的人数；作为ESRD主要病因的糖尿病、高血压、多囊肾病、慢性间质性肾炎等的病例数；以及作为主要死因的心血管疾病、中风、感染等的病例数。问卷分发至各透析机构，然后返回CSBP进行分析。计算了2007年末和2008年末维持性血液透析（MHD）患者中ESRD的点患病率以及2008年的年发病率。还报告了ESRD的主要病因和主要死因。
在31个省和/或地区中，27个做出了回应。2007年末，共有65,074例接受MHD或腹膜透析（PD）的ESRD患者；中国大陆的点患病率估计为每百万人口51.7例（pmp）。到2008年末，这一数字增至102,863例；点患病率升至79.1 pmp。患病率的年增长率为52.9%。2008年新增ESRD患者45,423例；年发病率为36.1 pmp。ESRD的主要病因是肾小球肾炎（45%）、糖尿病（19%）、高血压（13%）、多囊肾病（2%）以及其他或不明病因（20%）。主要死因是心血管疾病（31.0%）、中风（20.3%）、感染（19.9%）以及其他（28.8%）。
尽管与其他亚洲地区相比患病率相对较低，但MHD的发病率较高。中国大陆预计在不久的将来ESRD负担将不断加重。
