Rovner B W, German P S, Broadhead J, Morriss R K, Brant L J, Blaustein J, Folstein M F
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Int Psychogeriatr. 1990 Spring;2(1):13-24. doi: 10.1017/s1041610290000266.
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among new admissions to nursing homes is unknown. Such data are needed to estimate the psychiatric needs of this population. We report the prevalence of specific psychiatric disorders in 454 consecutive new nursing home admissions who were evaluated by psychiatrists and diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition, revised. Eighty percent had a psychiatric disorder. The commonest were dementia syndromes (67.4%) and affective disorders (10%). Also, 40% of demented patients had additional psychiatric syndromes such as delusions or depression, and these patients constituted a distinct subgroup that predicted frequent use of restraints and neuroleptics, and the greatest consumption of nursing time. These data demonstrate that the majority of nursing home residents have psychiatric disorders on admission, and that their management is often quite restrictive. Research is now needed to determine the best methods of treatment for nursing home patients with mental disorders.
疗养院新入院患者中精神疾病的患病率尚不清楚。需要此类数据来估计该人群的精神疾病需求。我们报告了454名连续入住疗养院的新患者中特定精神疾病的患病率，这些患者由精神科医生进行评估，并根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本进行诊断。80%的患者患有精神疾病。最常见的是痴呆综合征（67.4%）和情感障碍（10%）。此外，40%的痴呆患者还患有其他精神综合征，如妄想或抑郁，这些患者构成了一个独特的亚组，预示着频繁使用约束措施和抗精神病药物，以及消耗最多的护理时间。这些数据表明，大多数疗养院居民入院时患有精神疾病，而且对他们的管理往往非常严格。现在需要开展研究以确定治疗疗养院精神疾病患者的最佳方法。
