Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Nov 15;35(24):E1362-6. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181e68695.
In vitro study of genipin crosslinking effect on disc water content changes under compressive loading and unloading.
To investigate the influence of collagen crosslinking on hydration and fluid flow in different regions of intact discs, and to evaluate the nutritional implications.
Age-related reductions of nutrient supply and waste product removal are critically important factors in disc pathogenesis. Diffusion and fluid flow are blocked by subchondral bone thickening, cartilaginous endplate calcification, loss of hydrophilic proteoglycans, and clogging of anular pores by degraded matrix molecules. Previous studies demonstrated increased hydraulic permeability and macromolecular transport through crosslinked collagenous matrices. Genipin has also demonstrated the capability to increase retention of proteoglycans.
A total of 57 bovine lumbar motion segments were divided randomly into phosphate buffered saline and 0.33% genipin-soaked treatment groups. Water content changes were measured using a mass-loss technique in 3 intervertebral disc regions following successive stages of compressive loading and unloading (post-treatment, after 1 hour 750 N compression, and after a subsequent 24-hour period of nominal loading). Net flow of fluid into or out of a region was determined from the percentage change in mean water content from successive groups.
Fluid flow to and from the nucleus doubled with genipin crosslinking. Relative to the buffer-only controls, overall net fluid flow increased 103% in the nucleus pulposus, 36% in the inner anulus, and was 31% less in the outer anulus of genipin treated discs.
The effects of genipin crosslinking on matrix permeability and proteoglycan retention can alter hydration levels and fluid flow in the intervertebral disc. Resulting increases in fluid flow, including a doubling of flow to and from the nucleus, could lead to enhanced nutritional inflow and waste product outflow for the disc, and may have implications for emerging cell-based therapies.
体外研究京尼平交联对受压和卸压下椎间盘含水量变化的影响。
研究胶原交联对完整椎间盘不同区域水合作用和液流的影响，并评估其营养意义。
与年龄相关的营养供应减少和废物清除减少是椎间盘发病机制的重要因素。软骨下骨增厚、软骨终板钙化、亲水性蛋白聚糖丢失以及环状孔被降解基质分子堵塞，这些都阻碍了扩散和液流。先前的研究表明，交联胶原基质可增加液压渗透率和大分子转运。京尼平还具有增加蛋白聚糖保留的能力。
总共 57 个牛腰椎运动节段被随机分为磷酸盐缓冲盐水和 0.33%京尼平浸泡处理组。在连续的压缩加载和卸载阶段（治疗后、1 小时 750N 压缩后和随后的 24 小时名义加载后）后，使用质量损失技术测量 3 个椎间盘区域的含水量变化。从连续组的平均水含量百分比变化确定区域内或区域外的净液流。
与仅缓冲对照组相比，京尼平交联使核内流体流向和流出量增加了一倍。核内突的总净液流增加了 103%，内环的净液流增加了 36%，而京尼平处理椎间盘的外环的净液流减少了 31%。
京尼平交联对基质通透性和蛋白聚糖保留的影响可以改变椎间盘的水合水平和液流。增加的液流，包括核内和核外液流的增加，可能导致椎间盘的营养流入和废物流出增加，这可能对新兴的细胞治疗具有重要意义。
