Lebreton Florian, Routier Guillaume, Héas Stephane, Bodin Dominique
Université Européenne de Bretagne-Rennes II.
Can Rev Sociol. 2010 Aug;47(3):293-317. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-618x.2010.01239.x.
The article explores the process of "sportification"--i.e., processing physical activity in a sport regulated by a set of rules and standards, legitimized by supervisory institutions--from two originals practices, parkour and urban golf. To study these practices, we crossed the contributions of urban sociology and of the contemporary sociology of sport while respecting the methodological principles of qualitative sociology. A first point concerns the process of"sport" itself, its definition, its various stages, and the role played by communication of stakeholders on public space. The cultural mediation shows us how to institutionalize the movement that represents the "sports" resulted in the same time reconfiguration of physical practices themselves. Recent events illustrate the ongoing reconfiguration, we will detail them. Finally, we show the effects produced by the process on the definition of urban culture and sports: setting sight of activities, enhanced cooperation with the media-cultural, polarization between different types of practical in the case of parkour, around a confrontation between two of the founders.
本文从跑酷和城市高尔夫这两种原始实践出发，探讨了“体育化”的过程，即按照一套规则和标准对体育活动进行规范，并由监管机构予以合法化。为了研究这些实践，我们融合了城市社会学和当代体育社会学的贡献，同时遵循定性社会学的方法论原则。第一点涉及“体育”本身的过程、其定义、各个阶段，以及利益相关者在公共空间中的传播所起的作用。文化调解向我们展示了将代表“体育”的运动制度化是如何同时导致身体实践自身的重新配置的。近期事件说明了这种正在进行的重新配置，我们将详细阐述。最后，我们展示了这一过程对城市文化和体育定义所产生的影响：活动的定位、与媒体文化的加强合作、在跑酷案例中不同类型实践之间的两极分化，这围绕着两位创始人之间的一场对抗。
