Knapp P F, Greenly J B, Gourdain P A, Hoyt C L, Pikuz S A, Shelkovenko T A, Hammer D A
Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, 439 Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2010 Oct;81(10):10E501. doi: 10.1063/1.3464259.
Monochromatic x-ray backlighting has been employed with great success for imaging of plasmas with strong self-emission such as x-pinches and wire array z-pinches. However, implementation of a monochromatic backlighting system typically requires extremely high quality spherically bent crystals which are difficult to manufacture and can be prohibitively expensive. Furthermore, the crystal must have a direct line of sight to the object, which typically emits copious amounts of radiation and debris. We present a quasimonochromatic x-ray backlighting system which employs an elliptically bent mica crystal as the dispersive element. In this scheme a narrow band of continuum radiation is selected for imaging, instead of line radiation in the case of monochromatic imaging. The flat piece of mica is bent using a simple four-point bending apparatus that allows the curvature of the crystal to be adjusted in situ for imaging in the desired wavelength band. This system has the advantage that it is very cost effective, has a large aperture, and is extremely flexible. The principles of operation of the system are discussed and its performance is analyzed.
单色X射线背光照相技术已成功应用于对诸如X形箍缩和丝阵Z箍缩等具有强自发射的等离子体进行成像。然而,单色背光系统的实现通常需要极高质量的球形弯曲晶体,这种晶体难以制造且成本可能高得令人望而却步。此外,晶体必须与物体有直接的视线,而物体通常会发射大量的辐射和碎片。我们提出了一种准单色X射线背光照相系统,该系统采用椭圆弯曲的云母晶体作为色散元件。在该方案中,选择窄带连续辐射进行成像,而不是像单色成像那样选择线辐射。使用简单的四点弯曲装置对云母平板进行弯曲,该装置允许在原位调整晶体的曲率,以便在所需的波段进行成像。该系统具有成本效益高、孔径大且极其灵活的优点。讨论了该系统的工作原理并分析了其性能。