Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2010 Oct;123(19):2651-4.
The first case of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China was documented on June 18, 2009. Subsequently, persons with suspected infection or of contact with suspected cases received screening. All the confirmed cases were hospitalized and treated with oseltamivir. Their clinical features were observed. This may help for better management for later patients and be of benefit to the government of Macau SAR to adjust its strategy to combat the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection more efficiently.
From June to July 2009, the initial 72 cases of influenza A (H1N1) in Macau were hospitalized in Common Hospital Centre S. Januario (CHCSJ). The infection was confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The clinical features of the disease were closely observed and documented. Oseltamivir was given to all patients within 48 hours after the onset of disease and maintained for 5 days.
The mean age of the 72 patients was 21 years old. Forty of them were men and 32 were women. The median incubation of the virus was 2 days (1 to 7 days). The most common symptoms were fever (97.2%) and cough (77.8%). The rate of gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea was 2.8%. Fever typically lasted for 3 days (1 to 9 days). The median time from the onset to positive results of real-time RT-PCR was 6 days (3 to 13 days). After treatment with oseltamivir, most patients became afebrile within 48 hours. Only one aged patient with a history of glaucoma and hypothyroidism was found to have lung infiltration on chest X-ray.
The initial cases of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in Macau SAR showed that most of the infected persons had a mild course. The virus could be detected by real-time RT-PCR within a median of 6 days from the onset. Oseltamivir was effective.
中国澳门特别行政区（特区）于 2009 年 6 月 18 日记录首例甲型流感（H1N1）病毒感染病例。随后，对疑似感染者或与疑似病例有接触者进行筛查。所有确诊病例均住院并接受奥司他韦治疗。观察其临床特征。这有助于更好地管理后续患者，并为澳门特区政府更有效地调整其对抗甲型流感（H1N1）病毒感染的策略提供参考。
2009 年 6 月至 7 月，澳门最初的 72 例甲型流感（H1N1）病例住院于圣若昂医院中心（CHCSJ）。感染通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）确认。密切观察和记录疾病的临床特征。所有患者在发病后 48 小时内给予奥司他韦，并持续 5 天。
72 例患者的平均年龄为 21 岁，其中 40 例为男性，32 例为女性。病毒潜伏期中位数为 2 天（1 至 7 天）。最常见的症状是发热（97.2%）和咳嗽（77.8%）。胃肠道症状包括恶心、呕吐和腹泻的发生率为 2.8%。发热通常持续 3 天（1 至 9 天）。从发病到实时 RT-PCR 阳性结果的中位数时间为 6 天（3 至 13 天）。接受奥司他韦治疗后，大多数患者在 48 小时内退热。只有 1 例有青光眼和甲状腺功能减退症病史的老年患者胸部 X 线检查发现肺部浸润。
澳门特区首例甲型流感（H1N1）病毒感染病例表明，大多数感染者病情较轻。病毒可在发病后中位数 6 天内通过实时 RT-PCR 检测到。奥司他韦有效。
