Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd, Québec, QC, Canada.
J Environ Qual. 2010 Sep-Oct;39(5):1545-53. doi: 10.2134/jeq2009.0482.
Treatment of liquid swine manure (LSM) offers opportunities to improve manure nutrient management. However, N2O fluxes and cumulative emissions resulting from application of treated LSM are not well documented. Nitrous oxide emissions were monitored following band-incorporation of 100 kg N ha(-1) of either mineral fertilizer, raw LSM, or four pretreated LSMs (anaerobic digestion; anaerobic digestion + flocculation: filtration; decantation) at the four-leaf stage of corn (Zea mays L.). In a clay soil, a larger proportion of applied N was lost as N2O with the mineral fertilizer (average of 6.6%) than with LSMs (3.1-5.0%), whereas in a loam soil, the proportion of applied N lost as N2O was lower with the mineral fertilizer (average of 0.4%) than with LSMs (1.2-2.4%). Emissions were related to soil NO3 intensity in the clay soil, whereas they were related to water-extractable organic C in the loam soil. This suggests that N2O production was N limited in the clay soil and C limited in the loam soil, and would explain the interaction found between N sources and soil type. The large N2O emission coefficients measured in many treatments, and the contradicting responses among N sources depending on soil type, indicate that (i) the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default value (1%) may seriously underestimate N2O emissions from fine-textured soils where fertilizer N and manure are band-incorporated, and (ii) site-specific factors, such as drainage conditions and soil properties (e.g., texture, organic matter content), have a differential influence on emissions depending on N source.
处理液态猪粪（LSM）为改善粪肥养分管理提供了机会。然而，应用处理后的 LSM 导致的 N2O 通量和累积排放量尚未得到充分记录。在玉米四叶期，将 100kg N ha(-1) 的化肥、原始 LSM 或经过预处理的 LSM（厌氧消化；厌氧消化+絮凝：过滤；沉淀）以条带形式施用于粘土和壤土中，监测了 N2O 排放。在粘土中，化肥（平均 6.6%）比 LSM（3.1-5.0%）损失更多的 N 作为 N2O，而在壤土中，化肥（平均 0.4%）比 LSM（1.2-2.4%）损失的 N 作为 N2O 的比例较低。排放与粘土中的土壤 NO3 强度有关，而在壤土中与水可提取的有机 C 有关。这表明 N2O 的产生在粘土中受 N 限制，在壤土中受 C 限制，这解释了在 N 源和土壤类型之间发现的相互作用。在许多处理中测量到的大 N2O 排放系数，以及 N 源对土壤类型的反应不同，表明（i）政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）的默认值（1%）可能严重低估了在精细质地土壤中化肥 N 和粪肥条带施入时的 N2O 排放，（ii）特定于地点的因素，如排水条件和土壤特性（例如质地、有机质含量），根据 N 源的不同，对排放有不同的影响。
