Mustufa Muhammad Ayaz, Memon Ashfaque Ahmed, Nasim Sadia, Shahid Anjum, Omar Sobiya Mohiuddin
PMRC Specialized Research Center, National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi, Pakistan.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2010 Oct 28;4(10):616-20. doi: 10.3855/jidc.499.
The study aimed to determine hepatitis B vaccination status and assess the exposure of risk factors for hepatitis B and C among primary schoolteachers in Karachi, Pakistan.
In two hundred school teachers from 30 primary schools in Karachi participated in the study between January and June 2008 by completing an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. Exposure to and knowledge of hepatitis B and C were assessed, as well as mode of transmission and prevention. The percentage of vaccinated and non-vaccinated teachers was also estimated.
Only 73 (36.5%) respondents were vaccinated against HBV. Nine percent (17) of the teachers had received more than 10 therapeutic injections while about 56% (101) took between 5-10 injections per annum. Fifteen (8%) of the teachers confirmed they had been injected with re-used syringes. More than 8% (17) of participants' family members were suffering from hepatitis B or C, while 10% (20) of family members had died of liver diseases without any known history. More than 13% (27) of participants shared razors, brushes, cigarettes and hukahs. Statistically significant difference was also observed in risk factors of hepatitis B and C among male and female respondents.
Hepatitis B vaccination among school teachers of Karachi was around 37% with a high use of therapeutic injections and syringe reuse. Health awareness programs and educational workshops are needed for teachers, who can later educate the children.
本研究旨在确定巴基斯坦卡拉奇小学教师的乙肝疫苗接种状况，并评估其感染乙肝和丙肝的风险因素暴露情况。
2008年1月至6月期间，卡拉奇30所小学的200名学校教师通过填写一份匿名的自填问卷参与了该研究。评估了教师对乙肝和丙肝的暴露情况及相关知识，以及传播方式和预防措施。还估算了接种疫苗和未接种疫苗教师的比例。
只有73名（36.5%）受访者接种了乙肝疫苗。9%（17名）教师接受过超过10次治疗性注射，约56%（101名）教师每年接受5至10次注射。15名（8%）教师确认曾使用过重复使用的注射器。超过8%（17名）参与者的家庭成员患有乙肝或丙肝，而10%（20名）家庭成员死于肝脏疾病且无任何已知病史。超过13%（27名）参与者共用剃须刀、刷子、香烟和水烟袋。在男性和女性受访者中，乙肝和丙肝的风险因素也存在统计学上的显著差异。
卡拉奇学校教师的乙肝疫苗接种率约为37%，治疗性注射和注射器重复使用的情况较为普遍。需要为教师开展健康意识项目和教育工作坊，以便他们随后教育儿童。
