Kosgeroglu N, Ayranci U, Vardareli E, Dincer S
Department of School of Nursing, Osmangazi University, 26480 Meselik/Eskisehir, Turkey.
Epidemiol Infect. 2004 Jan;132(1):27-33. doi: 10.1017/s0950268803001407.
The aim of this study was to assess the demographic factors and pattern of injuries sustained by nurses, and to determine the occupational hazard of exposure to hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses among nurses. The study involved 906 hospital-based nurses working in three large hospitals. Between August 2002 and January 2003 a total of 595 practising nurses were accepted for inclusion. The results of questionnaires completed were collated and chi2 and ratios were used for analysis. Of the 595 nurses, 111 (18.7%) had evidence of previous or current HBV infection and 32 (5.4%) of HCV infection. We found that 11.2% of the nurses who had worked for a period of between 0 and 5 years and 37.1% of those who had worked for a period between 16 and 20 years had evidence of HBV or HCV infection. Of the nurses working in surgical clinics, 59.4% had evidence of previous HBV or HCV infection and those working in hospital clinics had an 18.2% infection rate. Of the nurses occupationally exposed to HBV and HCV infections, 22.4% had received sharps injuries from apparatus and 63.6% had suffered needlestick exposure. Findings also showed 2.7% HBsAg positivity and 5.4% anti-HCV positivity. Of the 452 (76%) nurses who faced the occupational hazard of exposure to hepatitis infections, 27.7% (125/452) had not been vaccinated against HBV. Nurses working in our health-care sector are frequently exposed to occupational exposure for HBV and HCV infections. In order to prevent the infection of nurses with hepatitis, we advocate precautions and protection from sharps injuries. A programme of education, vaccination and post-exposure prophylaxis must be implemented.
本研究的目的是评估护士的人口统计学因素和受伤模式，并确定护士接触乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的职业危害。该研究涉及在三家大型医院工作的906名医院护士。在2002年8月至2003年1月期间，共有595名执业护士被纳入研究。对所完成问卷的结果进行了整理，并使用卡方检验和比率进行分析。在这595名护士中，111名（18.7%）有既往或当前HBV感染的证据，32名（5.4%）有HCV感染的证据。我们发现，工作0至5年的护士中有11.2%以及工作16至20年的护士中有37.1%有HBV或HCV感染的证据。在外科诊所工作的护士中，59.4%有既往HBV或HCV感染的证据，而在医院诊所工作的护士感染率为18.2%。在职业接触HBV和HCV感染的护士中，22.4%曾因器械遭受锐器伤，63.6%曾发生针刺暴露。研究结果还显示HBsAg阳性率为2.7%，抗HCV阳性率为5.4%。在面临肝炎感染职业危害的452名（76%）护士中，27.7%（125/452）未接种HBV疫苗。在我们的医疗保健部门工作的护士经常面临HBV和HCV感染的职业暴露。为防止护士感染肝炎，我们提倡采取预防措施并防止锐器伤。必须实施一项教育、疫苗接种和暴露后预防计划。
