Gurbuz O, Alatas G, Kurt E, Issever H, Dogan F
Department of Dentistry, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
Community Dent Health. 2010 Sep;27(3):151-7.
To assess the oral health status and treatment needs in a group of hospitalized chronic psychiatric patients.
The dental status was assessed using the DMFT index. Demographic and medical data were retrieved from the institutional clinical files.
491 patients were examined in the study. 258 (52.5%) of the patients were males. The mean age was 52.3 +/- 12.3 years and the average length of hospitalization was 17.5 years. The majority of the patients (69%) were diagnosed with schizophrenia. The mean DMFT was 19.25 +/- 7.85. Missing teeth (81.4%) comprised the largest proportion of the DMFT while filled teeth (0.5%) the smallest. 18.1% of the DMFT consisted of decayed teeth. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that the DMFT significantly increased with age (p < 0.001) and was significantly higher in schizophrenia patients than those with mental retardation (p < 0.01). Males had significantly higher decayed teeth (p < 0.01) and fewer missing teeth (p < 0.01) than females. 58 dentate subjects (14.4%) were caries free. Two hundred and thirty five patients (58.5%) required restorative care, the mean number of treatments required per patient was 1.42 +/- 1.82. Eighty-nine subjects (18.1%) were found to be completely edentulous with only 17 wearing complete dentures. 70.6% of dentate patients needed tooth extraction for caries and 36.1% for periodontal disease.
The findings of this study demonstrate poor oral health status with extensive unmet dental and prosthetic needs. These underline the urgent need for specific preventive oral health programme to improve the dental care of these chronic psychiatric inpatients.
评估一组住院慢性精神疾病患者的口腔健康状况及治疗需求。
采用DMFT指数评估牙齿状况。从机构临床档案中获取人口统计学和医学数据。
本研究共检查了491名患者。其中男性258名（52.5%）。平均年龄为52.3±12.3岁，平均住院时间为17.5年。大多数患者（69%）被诊断为精神分裂症。平均DMFT为19.25±7.85。缺失牙（81.4%）在DMFT中占比最大，而补牙（0.5%）占比最小。DMFT中18.1%为龋齿。逐步逻辑回归分析显示，DMFT随年龄显著增加（p<0.001），且精神分裂症患者的DMFT显著高于智力障碍患者（p<0.01）。男性的龋齿明显多于女性（p<0.01），缺失牙明显少于女性（p<0.01）。58名有牙患者（14.4%）无龋齿。235名患者（58.5%）需要修复治疗，每位患者所需治疗的平均次数为1.42±1.82。发现89名受试者（18.1%）完全无牙，其中只有17人佩戴全口假牙。70.6%的有牙患者因龋齿需要拔牙，36.1%因牙周疾病需要拔牙。
本研究结果表明，这些患者口腔健康状况较差，存在大量未满足的牙齿和修复需求。这些情况凸显了迫切需要制定特定的预防性口腔健康计划，以改善这些慢性精神疾病住院患者的口腔护理。
