Rotkittikhun P, Kruatrachue M, Pokethitiyook P, Baker A J M
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
J Environ Biol. 2010 May;31(3):329-34.
Experiments were conducted to evaluate lead tolerance and accumulation in vetiver grass Vetiveria zizanioides (L.), grown in hydroponics and a pot study and to examine the effect of lead on vetiver oil production. Elevated concentrations of lead decreased the length of shoots and roots of plants. However, vetiver grown in highly contaminated soils showed no apparent phytotoxicity symptoms. Lead concentrations in the shoots and roots of vetiver plants grown in hydroponics were up to 144 and 19530 mg kg(-1) and those grown in soil were 38 and 629 mg kg(-1), respectively. Lead had an effect on vetiver oil production and composition by stimulating oil yield and the number of its constituents. Oil yield ranged from 0.4-1.3%; the highest yields were found in plants grown in nutrient solution with 100 mg Pb l(-1) for 5 weeks (1.29%) and 7 weeks (1.22%). The number of total constituents of vetiver oil also varied between 47-143 compounds when lead was presentin the growth medium. The highest number (143) was found in plants grown in soil spiked with 1000 mg Pb kg(-1). The predominant compound was khusimol (10.7-18.1%) followed by (E)-isovalencenol (10.3-15.6%). Our results indicated that lead could increase the oil production of vetiver.
进行了多项实验，以评估在水培和盆栽试验中生长的香根草（Vetiveria zizanioides (L.)）对铅的耐受性和积累情况，并研究铅对香根草油产量的影响。铅浓度升高会降低植物地上部和根部的长度。然而，生长在高度污染土壤中的香根草未表现出明显的植物毒性症状。水培条件下生长的香根草植株地上部和根部的铅浓度分别高达144和19530 mg kg(-1)，土壤中生长的植株地上部和根部铅浓度分别为38和629 mg kg(-1)。铅通过刺激油产量及其成分数量对香根草油的产量和成分产生影响。油产量在0.4 - 1.3%之间；在含有100 mg Pb l(-1)的营养液中生长5周（1.29%）和7周（1.22%）的植株中产量最高。当生长介质中存在铅时，香根草油的总成分数量也在47 - 143种化合物之间变化。在添加了1000 mg Pb kg(-1)的土壤中生长的植株中发现的成分数量最多（143种）。主要成分是阔苞菊醇（10.7 - 18.1%），其次是（E）-异戊烯醇（10.3 - 15.6%）。我们的结果表明，铅可以增加香根草的油产量。
