A successfully treated case of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state complicated with rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, and ischemic colitis.

A 48-year-old Japanese male was admitted to our hospital due to hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), combined with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. His blood sugar levels were gradually decreased by fluid resuscitation and insulin infusion; however, his renal function worsened, and he developed bloody stools. He required continuous hemodiafiltration to improve his hemodynamics. As colonoscopy revealed longitudinal ulcers, ischemic colitis was diagnosed. We treated him conservatively at first, but when we found the ulceration of the sigmoid colon had penetrated the mesenterium, colectomy was indicated. After surgery, his general condition improved. Careful monitoring of complications related to HHS is important.