Lovatt Anna, Mason Oliver, Brett Caroline, Peters Emmanuelle
Sub-Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2010 Nov;198(11):813-9. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181f97c3d.
This study examined some of the predictions made by cognitive models of psychosis, specifically the potential contribution of appraisals and trauma to the development of "need for care." Two groups reporting psychotic-like experiences with and without a "need for care" were compared on types of experiences, appraisals of these experiences, distress, and trauma. Both groups reported similar overall levels of psychotic-like experiences, but were characterized by distinct types of experiences. The clinical group was more distressed, endorsed more externalizing and personalizing appraisals, and fewer psychological/normalizing apraisals of their experiences than the nonclinical group. Both groups showed high rates of trauma, and interpersonal trauma was associated with more personalizing and fewer psychological/normalizing appraisals. These results suggest that "need for care" is characterized by distress and personalizing appraisals, but not by a higher incidence of trauma. The role of interpersonal trauma, specifically, may be to predispose to a "paranoid" world view.
本研究检验了精神病认知模型所做的一些预测，特别是评估和创伤对“护理需求”发展的潜在影响。对报告有和没有“护理需求”的两组类似精神病体验者在体验类型、对这些体验的评估、痛苦程度和创伤方面进行了比较。两组报告的类似精神病体验总体水平相似，但体验类型各异。与非临床组相比，临床组的痛苦程度更高，认可更多外化和个人化的评估，而对自身体验的心理/正常化评估更少。两组的创伤发生率都很高，人际创伤与更多的个人化评估以及更少的心理/正常化评估相关。这些结果表明，“护理需求”的特征是痛苦和个人化评估，而非更高的创伤发生率。具体而言，人际创伤的作用可能是使人倾向于一种“偏执”的世界观。
