University of Sussex, Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2006 Sep;23(6):930-48. doi: 10.1080/02643290600588442.
We report the performance in four recognition memory experiments of Jon, a young adult with early-onset developmental amnesia whose episodic memory is gravely impaired in tests of recall, but seems relatively preserved in tests of recognition, and who has developed normal levels of performance in tests of intelligence and general knowledge. Jon's recognition performance was enhanced by deeper levels of processing in comparing a more meaningful study task with a less meaningful one, but not by task enactment in comparing performance of an action with reading an action phrase. Both of these variables normally enhance episodic remembering, which Jon claimed to experience. But Jon was unable to support that claim by recollecting what it was that he remembered. Taken altogether, the findings strongly imply that Jon's recognition performance entailed little genuine episodic remembering and that the levels-of-processing effects in Jon reflected semantic, not episodic, memory.
我们报告了在四项识别记忆实验中乔恩的表现，他是一名患有早期发育性遗忘症的年轻人，他的情节记忆在回忆测试中严重受损，但在识别测试中似乎相对保留，并且在智力和一般知识测试中表现出正常水平。乔恩的识别表现通过在比较更有意义的学习任务和不太有意义的学习任务时进行更深层次的处理而得到增强，但在比较动作表现和阅读动作短语时，任务实施并没有增强识别表现。这两个变量通常都会增强情节记忆，而乔恩声称自己有这种记忆。但是，乔恩无法通过回忆起他所记得的内容来支持这一说法。总的来说，这些发现强烈表明，乔恩的识别表现几乎没有真正的情节记忆，而乔恩的加工水平效应反映了语义记忆，而不是情节记忆。
