秘鲁库斯科的旅行前准备：欧洲和北美的旅行者比较。

Pre-travel preparation for Cusco, Peru: a comparison between European and North American travelers.

机构信息

Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.

出版信息

J Travel Med. 2010 Nov-Dec;17(6):382-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2010.00461.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2010.00461.x

PMID:21050317

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Demographics, preferences on health care, and regional differences in pre-travel advice guidelines may influence the preparation of travelers to developing countries.

METHODS

A secondary data analysis of the database of a travelers' health survey conducted in Cusco in 2002 was performed. Data from those whose place of residence was North America or Western Europe were selected. Illness rates, vaccinations, prophylactic medication use, and general recommendations on disease prevention were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

Data from 1,612 North Americans (NAM) and 3,590 Western Europeans (EUR) were analyzed. NAM were older, stayed longer in Cusco, and had less experience traveling to developing countries (p < 0.01). They reported being ill more often than EUR (58% vs 42%, p < 0.01). Diarrhea was more frequent among EUR (55.6% vs 46.7%, p < 0.01), and acute mountain sickness (AMS) was more frequent among NAM (52.8% vs 35.2%, p < 0.01). EUR sought advice from health care professionals (67.1% vs 52.0%, p < 0.01) and travel medicine practitioners (45.8% vs 37%, p < 0.01) more often. NAM used prophylactic medications more often (53% vs 48.6%, p = 0.00) and received a lower mean number of vaccines (1.97 ± 1.68 vs 2.63 ± 1.49; t-test 14.02, p < 0.01). Advice on safe sex and alcohol consumption was low in both groups, especially among NAM.

CONCLUSIONS

Pre-travel preparation and travel-related illnesses varied between NAM and EUR. Improving consistency of pre-travel preparation based on the best evidence should become a priority among different national bodies providing travel medicine recommendations.

摘要

背景

人口统计学特征、对医疗保健的偏好以及旅行前建议指南的地区差异可能会影响前往发展中国家的旅行者的准备情况。

方法

对 2002 年在库斯科进行的旅行者健康调查数据库进行了二次数据分析。选择了居住地在北美或西欧的人的数据。比较了两组人群的疾病发病率、疫苗接种、预防性药物使用和疾病预防的一般建议。

结果

分析了 1612 名北美人（NAM）和 3590 名西欧人（EUR）的数据。NAM 年龄较大，在库斯科停留时间较长，旅行经验较少（p < 0.01）。他们报告说比 EUR 更容易生病（58%比 42%，p < 0.01）。腹泻在 EUR 中更为常见（55.6%比 46.7%，p < 0.01），急性高原病（AMS）在 NAM 中更为常见（52.8%比 35.2%，p < 0.01）。EUR 更倾向于向医疗保健专业人员（67.1%比 52.0%，p < 0.01）和旅行医学从业者（45.8%比 37%，p < 0.01）寻求建议。NAM 使用预防性药物更为常见（53%比 48.6%，p = 0.00），接种疫苗的平均数量也较少（1.97 ± 1.68 比 2.63 ± 1.49；t 检验 14.02，p < 0.01）。两组人群的安全性行为和饮酒建议都很低，尤其是 NAM。