Corrales Escobosa Alma Rosa, Wrobel Katarzyna, Landero Figueroa Julio Alberto, Gutíerrez Corona J Felix, Wrobel Kazimierz
Department of Chemistry, University of Guanajuato, L. de Retana 5, 36000 Guanajuato, Mexico.
J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Dec 8;58(23):12392-8. doi: 10.1021/jf1031263. Epub 2010 Nov 5.
The purpose of this work was to gain an insight on the potential role of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in the translocation of metals and metalloids from soil to plant roots in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). Two varieties of tomato (one susceptible and another resistant to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) were challenged with the fungus for different periods of time, and several elements (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Pb) were determined in roots and in soil substrate. Additionally, phenolic plant products were also analyzed for the evaluation of the plant response to biotic stress. In order to obtain representative results for plants cultivated in noncontaminated environments, the infected and control plants were grown in commercial soil with natural, relatively low metal concentrations, partly associated with humic substances. Using such an experimental design, a specific role of the fungus could be observed, while possible effects of plant exposure to elevated concentrations of heavy metals were avoided. In the infected plants of two varieties, the root concentrations of several metals/metalloids were increased compared to control plants; however, the results obtained for elements and for phenolic compounds were significantly different in the two plant varieties. It is proposed that both Lycopersicum esculentum colonization by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and the increase of metal bioavailability due to fungus-assisted solubilization of soil humic substances contribute to element traffic from soil to roots in tomato plant.
这项工作的目的是深入了解植物病原真菌尖孢镰刀菌番茄专化型在番茄（番茄）中金属和类金属从土壤向植物根系转运过程中的潜在作用。用该真菌对两个番茄品种（一个对尖孢镰刀菌番茄专化型感染敏感，另一个具有抗性）进行不同时间段的侵染处理，然后测定根系和土壤基质中的几种元素（钒、铬、锰、钴、铜、锌、砷、硒、钼、银、镉、铅）。此外，还对植物酚类产物进行了分析，以评估植物对生物胁迫的反应。为了获得在未受污染环境中种植植物的代表性结果，将受侵染和对照植物种植在天然金属浓度相对较低且部分与腐殖质结合的商业土壤中。采用这样的实验设计，可以观察到真菌的特定作用，同时避免了植物暴露于高浓度重金属可能产生的影响。在两个品种的受侵染植物中，与对照植物相比，几种金属/类金属的根系浓度有所增加；然而，两个植物品种中元素和酚类化合物的测定结果存在显著差异。研究表明，尖孢镰刀菌番茄专化型对番茄的定殖以及真菌辅助土壤腐殖质溶解导致的金属生物有效性增加，共同促进了番茄植株中元素从土壤向根系的运输。
