Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, Kintampo, Ghana.
Malar J. 2010 Nov 7;9:314. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-314.
BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the local pattern of malaria transmission and the effect of season on transmission is essential for the planning and evaluation of malaria interventions. Therefore, entomological surveys were carried out in the forest-savannah transitional belt of Ghana (Kintampo) from November 2003 to November 2005 in preparation for drug and vaccine trials. RESULTS: A total of 23,406 mosquitoes were caught from 919 traps over the two-year period (November 2003 to November 2005): 54.3% were Culicines, 36.2% Anopheles funestus, and 9.4% Anopheles gambiae. Infection rates with Plasmodium falciparum were 4.7% and 1.5% for Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus, respectively. Entomological inoculation rates (EIRs) were 269 infective bites per person per year in the first year (November 2003-October 2004) and 231 the following year (November 2004-November 2005). Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis detected only Anopheles gambiae s.s. Nineteen mosquitoes were tested by PCR in the wet season; 16 were S-molecular form, 2 M-molecular form and 1 hybrid (S/M). In the dry season, sixteen mosquitoes were tested; 11 S-molecular form, 2 M-molecular form and 3 S/M hybrids. The frequency of knock down resistance (kdr) genotypes F(R) was 0.60. CONCLUSION: The dynamics and seasonal abundance of malaria vectors in the Kintampo area was influenced by micro-ecology, rainfall and temperature patterns. Transmission patterns did not differ significantly between the two years (2004 and 2005) and both Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus were identified as effective vectors. EIR estimates in 2004/2005 were between 231 and 269 infective bites per person per year. The information provided by the study will help in planning intensified malaria control activities as well as evaluating the impact of malaria interventions in the middle belt of Ghana.
背景：了解当地疟疾传播模式以及季节对传播的影响对于疟疾干预措施的规划和评估至关重要。因此，为了准备药物和疫苗试验，我们于 2003 年 11 月至 2005 年 11 月在加纳森林-萨凡纳过渡带（金塔波）进行了昆虫学调查。
结果：在两年期间（2003 年 11 月至 2005 年 11 月），从 919 个诱捕器中捕获了 23406 只蚊子：54.3%为库蚊，36.2%为冈比亚按蚊，9.4%为疟蚊。疟原虫感染率分别为冈比亚疟蚊和致倦库蚊的 4.7%和 1.5%。第一年（2003 年 11 月至 2004 年 10 月）的昆虫学接种率（EIR）为每人每年 269 例感染性叮咬，次年（2004 年 11 月至 2005 年 11 月）为 231 例。聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析仅检测到冈比亚按蚊 s.s.在雨季检测了 19 只蚊子的 PCR，其中 16 只为 S-分子形式，2 只为 M-分子形式，1 只为杂交（S/M）。在旱季，检测了 16 只蚊子；其中 11 只为 S-分子形式，2 只为 M-分子形式，3 只为 S/M 杂交。击倒抗性（kdr）基因型 F(R)的频率为 0.60。
结论：金塔波地区疟疾媒介的动态和季节性丰度受微生态、降雨和温度模式的影响。两年（2004 年和 2005 年）的传播模式没有显著差异，冈比亚按蚊和致倦库蚊均被确定为有效媒介。2004/2005 年的 EIR 估计值在每人每年 231 至 269 例感染性叮咬之间。该研究提供的信息将有助于规划强化疟疾控制活动，并评估加纳中带疟疾干预措施的影响。
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