Comparative evaluation of some oenological properties in wine strains of Candida stellata, Candida zemplinina, Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Due to the recent changes in yeast taxonomy, a novel wine-related species Candida zemplinina as well as a "reinstated" species Saccharomyces uvarum have been accepted in addition to Candida stellata, Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the use of the different taxon names has been inconsistent in the literature of food microbiology. The aim of this work is to make an exact comparison of genetically identified strains of these species, under oenological conditions. Dynamics and some important products of alcoholic fermentation were investigated in laboratory fermentations. The results show that C. zemplinina and C. stellata are similar in their strong fructophilic character. C. stellata produces more glycerol and fare more ethanol, which is comparable with that produced by S. uvarum. Strains of the latter species differed from S. cerevisiae mainly in low acetic acid production and lower ethanol yield. Revision of the oenological traits of these yeasts provides new data for consideration in the control of fermentation, with special regard to botrytized sweet wines, where they are frequently found in mixed population.