Chijioke Adindu, Aderibigbe Ademola, Olarenwaju Timothy Olusegun, Makusidi Aliyu Muhammad, Oguntoyinbo Adewale Eric
Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2010 Nov;21(6):1172-8.
Cystic kidney disease is an important cause of chronic renal failure. Since the utilization of imaging techniques in the diagnosis of diseases has become widespread, cystic kidney disease is now being increasingly diagnosed. This study is designed to determine the prevalence and pattern of cystic kidney disease at the Nephrology Unit of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin. All consecutive adult patients seen in the Nephrology Unit of UITH during a ten-year period (January 1999-December 2008) were studied for the presence of cystic kidney disease. The results were analyzed with specific reference to age, gender, annual incidence, type of cystic disease, location of cyst, mode of presentation, complications and prognosis. A total of 67 out of 436 renal patients (15.4%) studied had cystic kidney disease. A progressive annual increase in the number of cases was noticed. The age-range was 20-83 years with a mean of 47.4 +/- 16.2 years and the peak incidence was in the third and sixth decades with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The types of cystic kidney disease identified in the study were: 26 simple cysts (38.8%), 35 polycystic kidney disease (53.3%) and six multicystic kidney disease (8.9%). The most common mode of presentation was abdominal pain followed by hypertension, urinary tract infection, chronic renal failure and palpable abdominal mass, in decreasing order. Our study indicates that cystic kidney disease is not an uncommon problem among our renal patients and the incidence is on the increase. Although, routine screening of family members with cystic kidney disease still remains a contentious issue because the knowledge may evoke anxiety in terms of employment and insurance, screening of symptomatic cases or those that develop hypertension, hematuria and proteinuria is strongly recommended.
多囊肾病是慢性肾衰竭的一个重要病因。自从成像技术在疾病诊断中的应用变得广泛以来，多囊肾病现在越来越多地被诊断出来。本研究旨在确定伊洛林大学教学医院（UITH）肾脏病科多囊肾病的患病率和模式。对在UITH肾脏病科连续就诊的所有成年患者进行了为期十年（1999年1月至2008年12月）的多囊肾病研究。对结果进行了分析，特别参考了年龄、性别、年发病率、囊性疾病类型、囊肿位置、表现方式、并发症和预后。在研究的436例肾病患者中，共有67例（15.4%）患有多囊肾病。注意到病例数逐年递增。年龄范围为20 - 83岁，平均年龄为47.4 +/- 16.2岁，发病高峰在第三和第六个十年，男女比例为1.3:1。研究中确定的多囊肾病类型为：26例单纯性囊肿（38.8%），35例多囊肾病（53.3%）和6例多囊性肾病（8.9%）。最常见的表现方式是腹痛，其次是高血压、尿路感染、慢性肾衰竭和可触及的腹部肿块，按降序排列。我们的研究表明，多囊肾病在我们的肾病患者中并非罕见问题，且发病率在上升。尽管对多囊肾病患者的家庭成员进行常规筛查仍然是一个有争议的问题，因为这方面的知识可能会在就业和保险方面引发焦虑，但强烈建议对有症状的病例或出现高血压、血尿和蛋白尿的病例进行筛查。
