Lombardo Marco, Trombini Claudio
Università degli Studi di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica G Ciamician, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel. 2010;13(6):717-32.
The design of straightforward and practical chemical syntheses that satisfy economic and ecological constraints is a major challenge in R&D. Ideally, a sustainable chemical synthesis should be safe, environmentally benign, reasonable in terms of cost, and careful in the use of resources and energy. The capability to develop synthetic strategies that meet these criteria is a priority in the manufacture of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, considering that the health and welfare of society increasingly depend on such industries. Among the various objectives to be pursued in sustainable manufacturing, this review focuses on two main goals: (i) the minimization of waste; and (ii) the replacement of toxic and volatile organic solvents with alternative, safer solvents - specifically water. In this context, the development of methods for catalysis in alternative reaction media is recognized as one of the most important approaches in modern chemical production.
设计出既直接实用又能满足经济和生态限制的化学合成方法是研发工作中的一项重大挑战。理想情况下，可持续的化学合成应具备安全性、环境友好性、成本合理性以及资源和能源使用的谨慎性。鉴于社会的健康和福祉越来越依赖精细化学品和制药行业，开发符合这些标准的合成策略的能力是精细化学品和制药生产中的首要任务。在可持续制造需要追求的各种目标中，本综述聚焦于两个主要目标：（i）将废物减至最少；（ii）用替代性的、更安全的溶剂——特别是水，取代有毒和挥发性有机溶剂。在这种背景下，开发在替代性反应介质中进行催化的方法被认为是现代化学生产中最重要的方法之一。
