Schweiger Eric S, Boychenko Olga, Bernstein Robert M
Bernstein Medical-Center for Hair Restoration, New York, NY 10022, USA.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2010 Nov;9(11):1412-9.
Androgenic alopecia (AGA), or pattern hair loss, is a common condition that affects both men and women has been gradually increasing. The discovery of the androgen receptor (AR) gene and related genes has expanded the knowledge on the genetics of hair loss. These basic science studies, combined with more recent clinical studies, have led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of AGA in both men and women. These genetic advances have also led to the development of a new screening test for AGA. Recently, in addition to the two currently approved U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) medications (minoxidil and finasteride), a novel device was FDA-approved for the treatment of hair loss, the laser hair comb. Further studies are needed to verify the accuracy and validity of the genetic screening test and the efficacy of the laser hair comb.
雄激素性脱发（AGA），即型脱发，是一种常见病症，影响着男性和女性，且发病率一直在逐渐上升。雄激素受体（AR）基因及相关基因的发现拓展了对脱发遗传学的认识。这些基础科学研究，再加上近期的临床研究，使人们对男性和女性AGA的发病机制有了更深入的了解。这些遗传学进展还促成了一种针对AGA的新型筛查测试的开发。最近，除了美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）目前批准的两种药物（米诺地尔和非那雄胺）外，一种新型设备——激光生发梳也获得了FDA批准用于治疗脱发。还需要进一步研究来验证基因筛查测试的准确性和有效性以及激光生发梳的疗效。
